6.12. Current Issues: Internal Affairs and Discipline

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Questions

Question 1

What is the primary purpose of an Internal Affairs (IA) division within a police department?

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Question 2

According to the text, who do members of the Internal Affairs division directly work under?

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Question 3

What significant issue regarding policing was revealed by the riots in the 1960s?

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Question 4

What was a common outcome for officers when a citizen complaint was made against them in the 1960s?

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Question 5

Who is generally responsible for handling a minor infraction, such as an officer's use of profanity?

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Question 6

Which of the following is NOT one of the four counseling steps a supervisor takes when addressing a minor infraction?

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Question 7

What is the name of the program mentioned in the text that followed individual officers throughout their career to track infractions?

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Question 8

What was a primary benefit of the IA Pro program, according to the text?

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Question 9

What is the immediate action taken when an officer is accused of a serious infraction like excessive use of force or lying?

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Question 10

Which of the following is NOT one of the four findings the Internal Affairs Division can offer after an investigation?

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Question 11

After the Internal Affairs Division assigns a disposition to a complaint, to whom is it forwarded for review and discipline?

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Question 12

According to the 'Supervisors in Policing Example', what was the author's stated reason for seeking promotion to sergeant?

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Question 13

What does the text describe police departments as, in terms of their organizational structure?

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Question 14

What happens if an officer uses profanity a second time within the prescribed limits under the IA Pro system?

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Question 15

Who is included in the 'Command Staff' that reviews serious infraction dispositions?

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Question 16

What was the nature of the 'horrendous allegation' against the officer in the 'When an Officer Does Something Illegal Example'?

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Question 17

In the illegal activity example, how was the officer able to avoid being caught for months?

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Question 18

What term describes a complaint finding where the incident occurred, but the officer's actions were lawful and proper?

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Question 19

What is the fourth step a supervisor takes when counseling an officer for a minor infraction?

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Question 20

In the 'Supervisors in Policing Example', the author mentions being told by a female sergeant that she had to work harder than other officers. What was the given reason?

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Question 21

What does the text identify as a significant problem that IA Pro was designed to solve regarding supervisors?

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Question 22

What type of infraction would lead to an officer being placed on a 'timed employee development program' under the IA Pro system?

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Question 23

What is the ultimate disciplinary action that can result from a Command Staff review of a serious infraction?

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Question 24

In the 'When an Officer Does Something Illegal Example', what was the author's final realization about some corrupt officers?

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Question 25

Besides the military, what other entity's structure are police departments said to be similar to?

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Question 26

What is the first step in the formal disciplinary process for a minor infraction, as outlined in the text?

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Question 27

The text suggests that handling discipline in a police department is 'serious business'. Why is this?

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Question 28

What finding from an Internal Affairs investigation would mean that the allegation is supported by facts and the officer's actions were improper?

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Question 29

After completing the police academy and probation, what did the author of the 'Supervisors in Policing Example' soon learn about supervisors?

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Question 30

What was the author's first annual evaluation result in the 'Supervisors in Policing Example', despite feeling they had worked very hard?

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Question 31

What historical event revealed a lack of proper investigation into citizen complaints against officers?

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Question 32

What is mentioned as an alternative to internal police discipline for holding officers accountable?

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Question 33

What is the final lesson the author learns in the 'When an Officer Does Something Illegal Example'?

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Question 34

An IA finding of 'Not-Sustained' means what?

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Question 35

In the 'Supervisors in Policing Example', after becoming a lieutenant, what did the author take advantage of their new position in administration to do?

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Question 36

Who is responsible for conducting the investigation into a serious infraction like excessive use of force?

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Question 37

What action might a supervisor require of an officer for a minor infraction, depending on the conduct?

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Question 38

According to the text, what happened after the author in the 'Supervisors in Policing Example' created a sergeant training program?

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Question 39

An IA finding of 'Unfounded' would be appropriate in which scenario?

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Question 40

What was the author's reaction to receiving their first annual evaluation in the 'Supervisors in Policing Example'?

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Question 41

The text states that the IA Pro program was not a 'panacea'. What does this imply?

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Question 42

In the 'When an Officer Does Something Illegal Example', who did the author, a lieutenant, receive the 'dreaded phone call' from?

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Question 43

What is the second step in the four-step counseling process for a minor infraction?

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Question 44

Which entities make up the Command Staff responsible for final disciplinary decisions?

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Question 45

What feeling did the author of the illegal activity example have years later about the incident?

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Question 46

What is the third step in the four-step counseling process for a minor infraction?

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Question 47

The example of the officer engaging in illegal sexual activity suggests that such corrupt officers are a 'hard lesson' for supervisors to learn about. Why?

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Question 48

When handling a minor infraction, the text states that the supervisor will generally 'counsel the officer'. What else will the supervisor do?

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Question 49

What was the author's primary goal in becoming a police supervisor, as described in the 'Supervisors in Policing Example'?

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Question 50

What does the example of the officer committing illegal acts reveal about the L.E.T. (Law Enforcement Testing) Process?

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Other chapters

1.1. Crime and the Criminal Justice System1.2. Deviance, Rule Violations, and Criminality1.3. Social Norms: Folkways, Mores, Taboo, and Laws1.4. Interactionist View1.5. Consensus View and Decriminalizing Laws1.6. Conflict View1.7. The Three C's: Cops, Courts, and Corrections1.8. The Crime Control and Due Process Models1.9. How Cases Move Through the System1.10. Media Coverage of Crimes1.11. Wedding Cake Model of Justice1.12. Street Crime, Corporate Crime, and White-Collar Crime1.13. Different Types of Crimes and Offenses1.14. Victims and Victim Typologies1.15. Victim Rights and Assistance1.16. "Spare the Rod, Spoil the Child" Myth/Controversy2.1. Dark or Hidden Figure of Crime2.2. Official Statistics2.3. Victimization Studies2.4. Self-Report Statistics2.5. Misusing Statistics3.1. Functions and Limitations of Law3.2. Civil, Criminal, and Moral Wrongs3.3. Sources of Criminal Law: Federal and State Constitutions3.4. Sources of Criminal Law: Statutes, Ordinances, and Other Legislative Enactments3.5. Sources of Law: Administrative Law, Common Law, Case Law and Court Rules3.6. Classifications of Law3.7. Substantive Law: Defining Crimes, Inchoate Liability, Accomplice Liability, and Defenses3.8. Substantive Law: Punishment: Incarceration and Confinement Sanctions3.9. Substantive Law: Physical Punishment Sentences3.10. Substantive Law: Monetary Punishment Sentences3.11. Substantive Law: Community-Based Sentences3.12. Procedural Law4.1. Importance of Policy in Criminal Justice4.2. The Myth of Moral Panics4.3. The Stages of Policy Development4.4. Importance of Evidence Based Practices4.5. Re-Evaluating Policy5.1. What is Theory?5.2. What Makes a Good Theory?5.3. Pre-Classical Theory5.4. Classical School5.5. Neoclassical5.6. Positivist Criminology5.7. Biological and Psychological Positivism5.8. The Chicago School5.9. Strain Theories5.10. Learning Theories5.11. Control Theories5.12. Other Criminological Theories6.1. Policing in Ancient Times6.2. Sir Robert Peel6.3. Policing Eras6.4. Levels of Policing and Role of Police6.5. Recruitment and Hiring in Policing6.6. Recruitment and Hiring Websites for Future Careers6.7. Police Misconduct, Accountability, and Corruption6.8. Current Issues: Police Shootings6.9. Current Issues: Use of Force and Vehicle Pursuits6.10. Current Issues: Stereotypes in Policing6.11. Current Issues: Accountability6.13.Current Issues: Body Cameras6.14. Myth: “Police Only Write Speeding Tickets to Harass Citizens and it is Entrapment.”7.1. Introduction to the U.S. Court System7.2. Jurisdiction7.3. Structure of the Courts: The Dual Court and Federal Court System7.4. Structure of the Courts: State Courts7.5. American Trial Courts and the Principle of Orality7.6. The Appeals Process, Standard of Review, and Appellate Decisions7.7. Federal Appellate Review of State Cases7.8. Courtroom Players: Judges and Court Staff7.9. Courtroom Players: Prosecutors7.10. Courtroom Workgroup: Defense Attorneys8.1. A Brief History of The Philosophies of Punishment8.2. Retribution8.3. Deterrence8.4. Incapacitation8.5. Rehabilitation8.6. Prisons and Jails8.7. A Brief History of Prisons and Jails8.8. Types of Jails8.9. Who Goes to Jail?8.10. Growth of Prisons in the United States8.11. Types of Prisons8.12. Prison Levels8.13. Who Goes to Prison?9.1. Diversion9.2. Intermediate Sanctions9.3. Probation9.4. Boot Camps/Shock Incarceration9.5. Drug Courts9.6. Halfway Houses9.8. House Arrest9.9. Community Residential Facilities9.10. Restorative Justice9.11. Parole9.12. Current Issues in Corrections9.13. Current Issues in Corrections: Mass Incarceration9.14. Current Issues in Corrections: War on Drugs and Gangs9.15. Current Issues in Corrections: Aging and Overcrowding9.16. Current Issues in Corrections: Reentry and the Future of Corrections10.1. Youth Crime10.2. Juvenile Justice10.3. History of the Juvenile Justice System10.4. Delinquency10.5. Juvenile Justice Process10.6. Due Process in the Juvenile Court10.7. The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 197410.8. Getting Tough: Initiatives for Punishment and Accountability10.9. Returning to Rehabilitation in the Contemporary Juvenile Justice System10.10. The Structure of the Juvenile Justice System10.11. Juvenile InstitutionsGlossary