7.9. Courtroom Players: Prosecutors

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Questions

Question 1

According to the 1940 address by Associate Justice Robert Jackson, which individual has "more control over life, liberty, and reputation than any other person in America"?

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Question 2

What is the term for a prosecutor's decision to not prosecute a case, which is described as being largely unreviewable?

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Question 3

According to the American Bar Association (ABA) standards mentioned in the text, what is the prosecutor's primary ethical duty?

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Question 4

How are United States Attorneys for the federal districts selected?

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Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a common title for a local prosecutor responsible for prosecuting state violations?

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Question 6

Under the federal system, how many United States Attorneys are there, with one assigned to each federal district?

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Question 7

What is a primary role of a prosecutor at a preliminary hearing?

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Question 8

According to the text, under what circumstances might a state attorney general's office intervene in a local prosecution?

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Question 9

What does the text identify as a primary responsibility of city attorneys?

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Question 10

How are most assistant prosecutors, or deputy district attorneys, hired?

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Question 11

According to the Spohn and Hemmens study cited, prosecutorial charging decisions reflect a mix of legally relevant measures of case seriousness and what other factors?

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Question 12

What is one of the roles a prosecutor performs after an arrest but before trial?

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Question 13

In his 1940 address, what quality did Associate Justice Robert Jackson say should animate the federal prosecutor?

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Question 14

What is the term for pre-trial contracts between the government and a defendant that can divert cases out of the formal system?

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Question 15

Federal prosecutors are part of which executive department?

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Question 16

In how many states are state attorney generals elected?

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Question 17

What is a potential negative consequence of having different policies for treating minor offenses between city and county prosecutors?

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Question 18

What is the typical employment relationship between a U.S. Attorney and the President who appoints them?

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Question 19

According to the text, for certain types of federal cases, whose approval is needed before prosecution can proceed?

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Question 20

What does the text say a prosecutor should do if the state has 'unclean hands', for example, through illegally conducted searches?

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Question 21

Historically, what was a key criterion in hiring deputy district attorneys that has now been largely replaced by merit-oriented hiring?

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Question 22

Who do prosecutors represent in court?

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Question 23

The Criminal Division of which entity operates as the arm of the Attorney General in coordinating the enforcement of federal laws by U.S. Attorneys?

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Question 24

What qualification is required for a prosecutor in most states?

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Question 25

According to Justice Jackson's 1940 speech, a prosecutor should seek what, rather than victims?

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Question 26

What is the most common method for selecting local prosecuting attorneys?

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Question 27

Who do local prosecutors, such as a small county attorney's office, often request aid from for major, complex trials?

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Question 28

According to Justice Jackson, the qualities of a good prosecutor are described as what?

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Question 29

Why must a prosecutor have a detached and impartial view of all groups in the community, according to Justice Jackson?

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Question 30

Which of the following is a role of the prosecutor in the post-conviction phase of a case?

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Question 31

How many states appoint their state attorney general by the state supreme court?

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Question 32

What does the text mean when it says U.S. Attorneys have 'substantial responsibilities for representation of the U.S. government in civil litigation'?

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Question 33

In Justice Jackson's analogy, why can no local police force strictly enforce the traffic laws?

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Question 34

What concern is raised by the fact that different county prosecutors may follow different policies on charging and plea bargaining?

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Question 35

What is one of the ways states have attempted to limit the differences in policies among county prosecutors?

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Question 36

The text states that U.S. Attorneys operate with considerable discretion, but must do so within general guidelines prescribed by whom?

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Question 37

What did Justice Jackson state has really been won if the government technically loses its case?

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Question 38

Who performs the day-to-day prosecution of federal crimes under the supervision of the U.S. Attorneys?

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Question 39

What typical term length is mentioned for state attorney generals?

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Question 40

According to the text, a prosecutor is the spokesperson for what?

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Question 41

In selecting cases for prosecution, Justice Jackson stated a prosecutor should select those where the public harm is the greatest and what other condition is met?

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Question 42

What is described as the best protection against the abuse of prosecutorial power, according to Justice Jackson's speech?

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Question 43

Who is responsible for prosecuting violations of state law?

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Question 44

According to the text, a prosecutor may initiate diversions, which are described as what?

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Question 45

What does the text imply when it says that newly elected prosecutors historically would make a 'virtual clean sweep of the office'?

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Question 46

Who is the head of the U.S. Department of Justice and the person under whom federal prosecutors work?

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Question 47

What is the consequence if a prosecutor moves forward with a case where there is insufficient evidence of guilt?

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Question 48

According to the text, what is the term length for a state attorney general?

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Question 49

The text states that in many communities, the prosecutor appears before the legislature to do what?

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Question 50

Which of the following describes the power dynamic between a local prosecutor's office and the state attorney general's office?

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Other chapters

1.1. Crime and the Criminal Justice System1.2. Deviance, Rule Violations, and Criminality1.3. Social Norms: Folkways, Mores, Taboo, and Laws1.4. Interactionist View1.5. Consensus View and Decriminalizing Laws1.6. Conflict View1.7. The Three C's: Cops, Courts, and Corrections1.8. The Crime Control and Due Process Models1.9. How Cases Move Through the System1.10. Media Coverage of Crimes1.11. Wedding Cake Model of Justice1.12. Street Crime, Corporate Crime, and White-Collar Crime1.13. Different Types of Crimes and Offenses1.14. Victims and Victim Typologies1.15. Victim Rights and Assistance1.16. "Spare the Rod, Spoil the Child" Myth/Controversy2.1. Dark or Hidden Figure of Crime2.2. Official Statistics2.3. Victimization Studies2.4. Self-Report Statistics2.5. Misusing Statistics3.1. Functions and Limitations of Law3.2. Civil, Criminal, and Moral Wrongs3.3. Sources of Criminal Law: Federal and State Constitutions3.4. Sources of Criminal Law: Statutes, Ordinances, and Other Legislative Enactments3.5. Sources of Law: Administrative Law, Common Law, Case Law and Court Rules3.6. Classifications of Law3.7. Substantive Law: Defining Crimes, Inchoate Liability, Accomplice Liability, and Defenses3.8. Substantive Law: Punishment: Incarceration and Confinement Sanctions3.9. Substantive Law: Physical Punishment Sentences3.10. Substantive Law: Monetary Punishment Sentences3.11. Substantive Law: Community-Based Sentences3.12. Procedural Law4.1. Importance of Policy in Criminal Justice4.2. The Myth of Moral Panics4.3. The Stages of Policy Development4.4. Importance of Evidence Based Practices4.5. Re-Evaluating Policy5.1. What is Theory?5.2. What Makes a Good Theory?5.3. Pre-Classical Theory5.4. Classical School5.5. Neoclassical5.6. Positivist Criminology5.7. Biological and Psychological Positivism5.8. The Chicago School5.9. Strain Theories5.10. Learning Theories5.11. Control Theories5.12. Other Criminological Theories6.1. Policing in Ancient Times6.2. Sir Robert Peel6.3. Policing Eras6.4. Levels of Policing and Role of Police6.5. Recruitment and Hiring in Policing6.6. Recruitment and Hiring Websites for Future Careers6.7. Police Misconduct, Accountability, and Corruption6.8. Current Issues: Police Shootings6.9. Current Issues: Use of Force and Vehicle Pursuits6.10. Current Issues: Stereotypes in Policing6.11. Current Issues: Accountability6.12. Current Issues: Internal Affairs and Discipline6.13.Current Issues: Body Cameras6.14. Myth: “Police Only Write Speeding Tickets to Harass Citizens and it is Entrapment.”7.1. Introduction to the U.S. Court System7.2. Jurisdiction7.3. Structure of the Courts: The Dual Court and Federal Court System7.4. Structure of the Courts: State Courts7.5. American Trial Courts and the Principle of Orality7.6. The Appeals Process, Standard of Review, and Appellate Decisions7.7. Federal Appellate Review of State Cases7.8. Courtroom Players: Judges and Court Staff7.10. Courtroom Workgroup: Defense Attorneys8.1. A Brief History of The Philosophies of Punishment8.2. Retribution8.3. Deterrence8.4. Incapacitation8.5. Rehabilitation8.6. Prisons and Jails8.7. A Brief History of Prisons and Jails8.8. Types of Jails8.9. Who Goes to Jail?8.10. Growth of Prisons in the United States8.11. Types of Prisons8.12. Prison Levels8.13. Who Goes to Prison?9.1. Diversion9.2. Intermediate Sanctions9.3. Probation9.4. Boot Camps/Shock Incarceration9.5. Drug Courts9.6. Halfway Houses9.8. House Arrest9.9. Community Residential Facilities9.10. Restorative Justice9.11. Parole9.12. Current Issues in Corrections9.13. Current Issues in Corrections: Mass Incarceration9.14. Current Issues in Corrections: War on Drugs and Gangs9.15. Current Issues in Corrections: Aging and Overcrowding9.16. Current Issues in Corrections: Reentry and the Future of Corrections10.1. Youth Crime10.2. Juvenile Justice10.3. History of the Juvenile Justice System10.4. Delinquency10.5. Juvenile Justice Process10.6. Due Process in the Juvenile Court10.7. The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 197410.8. Getting Tough: Initiatives for Punishment and Accountability10.9. Returning to Rehabilitation in the Contemporary Juvenile Justice System10.10. The Structure of the Juvenile Justice System10.11. Juvenile InstitutionsGlossary