9.13. Current Issues in Corrections: Mass Incarceration

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Questions

Question 1

According to the 'International Rates of Incarceration per 100,000' chart, what is the incarceration rate for the United States?

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Question 2

Based on the 'U.S. State and Federal Prison Population, 1925-2016' chart, in which decade did the prison population begin to increase dramatically?

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Question 3

What term is used to describe the removal of many individuals from state mental health hospitals and their subsequent entry into the criminal justice system?

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Question 4

Which of the following is NOT listed in the text as a contributing factor to the 'get tough era' on crime?

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Question 5

What is the primary feeling discussed in the chapter that influences how the United States punishes people convicted of violating the law?

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Question 6

According to the 'U.S. State and Federal Prison Population, 1925-2016' chart, what was the approximate prison population in 2016?

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Question 7

The 'Full Jails?' sidebar tells the story of Terry, who is force-released from jail. What does it mean to be 'dually diagnosed' in this context?

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Question 8

What societal event led to a 'massive influx of men' and corresponded with the shift in ideology toward punishment?

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Question 9

According to the 'International Rates of Incarceration per 100,000' chart, which of the following countries has an incarceration rate of 33 per 100,000?

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Question 10

The 'Full Jails?' story about Terry highlights what consequence of a facility being at its maximum capacity?

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Question 11

What was the collective term given to the shift in ideology in the United States that included the war on drugs, tougher sentencing, and transcarceration?

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Question 12

The chapter argues that America's high incarceration rate is a relatively recent phenomenon. Before the 1970s, what was the general state of the US prison population?

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Question 13

What impact did the disapproval of the Vietnam War have on public attitudes, according to the text?

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Question 14

How does the chapter characterize the story of Terry in the 'Full Jails?' sidebar?

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Question 15

Which country, according to the 'International Rates of Incarceration per 100,000' chart, has the second-highest incarceration rate after the United States?

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Other chapters

1.1. Crime and the Criminal Justice System1.2. Deviance, Rule Violations, and Criminality1.3. Social Norms: Folkways, Mores, Taboo, and Laws1.4. Interactionist View1.5. Consensus View and Decriminalizing Laws1.6. Conflict View1.7. The Three C's: Cops, Courts, and Corrections1.8. The Crime Control and Due Process Models1.9. How Cases Move Through the System1.10. Media Coverage of Crimes1.11. Wedding Cake Model of Justice1.12. Street Crime, Corporate Crime, and White-Collar Crime1.13. Different Types of Crimes and Offenses1.14. Victims and Victim Typologies1.15. Victim Rights and Assistance1.16. "Spare the Rod, Spoil the Child" Myth/Controversy2.1. Dark or Hidden Figure of Crime2.2. Official Statistics2.3. Victimization Studies2.4. Self-Report Statistics2.5. Misusing Statistics3.1. Functions and Limitations of Law3.2. Civil, Criminal, and Moral Wrongs3.3. Sources of Criminal Law: Federal and State Constitutions3.4. Sources of Criminal Law: Statutes, Ordinances, and Other Legislative Enactments3.5. Sources of Law: Administrative Law, Common Law, Case Law and Court Rules3.6. Classifications of Law3.7. Substantive Law: Defining Crimes, Inchoate Liability, Accomplice Liability, and Defenses3.8. Substantive Law: Punishment: Incarceration and Confinement Sanctions3.9. Substantive Law: Physical Punishment Sentences3.10. Substantive Law: Monetary Punishment Sentences3.11. Substantive Law: Community-Based Sentences3.12. Procedural Law4.1. Importance of Policy in Criminal Justice4.2. The Myth of Moral Panics4.3. The Stages of Policy Development4.4. Importance of Evidence Based Practices4.5. Re-Evaluating Policy5.1. What is Theory?5.2. What Makes a Good Theory?5.3. Pre-Classical Theory5.4. Classical School5.5. Neoclassical5.6. Positivist Criminology5.7. Biological and Psychological Positivism5.8. The Chicago School5.9. Strain Theories5.10. Learning Theories5.11. Control Theories5.12. Other Criminological Theories6.1. Policing in Ancient Times6.2. Sir Robert Peel6.3. Policing Eras6.4. Levels of Policing and Role of Police6.5. Recruitment and Hiring in Policing6.6. Recruitment and Hiring Websites for Future Careers6.7. Police Misconduct, Accountability, and Corruption6.8. Current Issues: Police Shootings6.9. Current Issues: Use of Force and Vehicle Pursuits6.10. Current Issues: Stereotypes in Policing6.11. Current Issues: Accountability6.12. Current Issues: Internal Affairs and Discipline6.13.Current Issues: Body Cameras6.14. Myth: “Police Only Write Speeding Tickets to Harass Citizens and it is Entrapment.”7.1. Introduction to the U.S. Court System7.2. Jurisdiction7.3. Structure of the Courts: The Dual Court and Federal Court System7.4. Structure of the Courts: State Courts7.5. American Trial Courts and the Principle of Orality7.6. The Appeals Process, Standard of Review, and Appellate Decisions7.7. Federal Appellate Review of State Cases7.8. Courtroom Players: Judges and Court Staff7.9. Courtroom Players: Prosecutors7.10. Courtroom Workgroup: Defense Attorneys8.1. A Brief History of The Philosophies of Punishment8.2. Retribution8.3. Deterrence8.4. Incapacitation8.5. Rehabilitation8.6. Prisons and Jails8.7. A Brief History of Prisons and Jails8.8. Types of Jails8.9. Who Goes to Jail?8.10. Growth of Prisons in the United States8.11. Types of Prisons8.12. Prison Levels8.13. Who Goes to Prison?9.1. Diversion9.2. Intermediate Sanctions9.3. Probation9.4. Boot Camps/Shock Incarceration9.5. Drug Courts9.6. Halfway Houses9.8. House Arrest9.9. Community Residential Facilities9.10. Restorative Justice9.11. Parole9.12. Current Issues in Corrections9.14. Current Issues in Corrections: War on Drugs and Gangs9.15. Current Issues in Corrections: Aging and Overcrowding9.16. Current Issues in Corrections: Reentry and the Future of Corrections10.1. Youth Crime10.2. Juvenile Justice10.3. History of the Juvenile Justice System10.4. Delinquency10.5. Juvenile Justice Process10.6. Due Process in the Juvenile Court10.7. The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 197410.8. Getting Tough: Initiatives for Punishment and Accountability10.9. Returning to Rehabilitation in the Contemporary Juvenile Justice System10.10. The Structure of the Juvenile Justice System10.11. Juvenile InstitutionsGlossary