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Questions

Question 1

According to the conflict view, how is society perceived?

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Question 2

Which historical figure from the 1800s is commonly associated with the conflict view of crime?

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Question 3

Who first introduced the concept of white-collar crime, according to the chapter?

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Question 4

In what year did Edwin Sutherland first introduce the concept of white-collar crime in his presidential address?

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Question 5

From the conflict perspective, why is there limited focus on and enforcement of white-collar crime in the United States?

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Question 6

What was Edwin Sutherland's primary concern about the focus of the criminological community at the time?

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Question 7

According to the conflict view, crime definitions are primarily controlled by which group in society?

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Question 8

What is the title of the book Edwin Sutherland wrote that is mentioned in the text as having 'sparked lots of debate'?

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Question 9

How does the FBI typically study white-collar crime, making it difficult to analyze the background of the offender?

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Question 10

Which data source, compiled by the FBI from police departments, is mentioned as being 'tricky to use' when trying to determine a typical white-collar offender?

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Question 11

The conflict view recognizes that the creation of laws is unequal and may not have what?

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Question 12

The chapter states that the conflict view takes a 'very Marxian perspective' and suggests groups are often in what state?

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Question 13

According to the conflict view, the laws protect which group in society?

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Question 14

What type of offender did Sutherland believe the criminological community was preoccupied with?

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Question 15

The chapter on conflict view uses which type of crime as its main example to demonstrate the theory in action?

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Question 16

What does the conflict view suggest about the concept of 'moral consensus' in the creation of laws?

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Question 17

What is one of the alternative ways to define white-collar crime mentioned in the text, besides by type of offender or offense?

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Question 18

According to the conflict view, which of the following is NOT a group that makes up the 'collection of diverse groups' in society?

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Question 19

What does the text say is the status of white-collar crime as a defined concept in society?

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Question 20

The conflict view argues that criminality shapes the values of which group?

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Question 21

What profession did Edwin Sutherland hold?

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Question 22

Sutherland noted a lack of attention was given to crimes perpetrated by people in what type of occupations?

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Question 23

What is one example of studying white-collar crime that is listed under the different views of how it should be defined?

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Question 24

The chapter suggests that the lack of focus on white-collar crime is because the 'haves' create the laws, not whom?

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Question 25

What is the third perspective of how we define crime mentioned in the chapter, besides consensus and interactionist views?

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Question 26

What did Edwin Sutherland's book 'White Collar Crime' spark, according to the text?

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Question 27

How does the conflict view differ from the consensus perspective on the source of crime definitions?

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Question 28

At what event did Edwin Sutherland first introduce his concept of white-collar crime?

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Question 29

What is the primary motivation for law creation according to the conflict view?

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Question 30

Which of these is NOT listed as a group within the 'collection of diverse groups' that the conflict view sees in society?

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Question 31

The conflict view suggests that white-collar crime is committed by which group?

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Question 32

What is the primary reason the FBI's UCR data is considered 'tricky to use' for studying the typical white-collar offender?

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Question 33

The conflict view argues that society is a collection of diverse groups often in constant conflict, unlike which other perspective?

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Question 34

What does the text state is still a 'contested one' when it comes to defining crime in society?

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Question 35

Which of these is mentioned as a way to define white-collar crime?

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Question 36

The article by D. Hawkins referenced in a footnote is titled 'Beyond anomalies: Rethinking the conflict perspective on race and what?'

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Question 37

According to the footnote citing 'Boundless', the conflict perspective suggests that criminality shapes the values of whom?

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Question 38

What was the title of Edwin Sutherland's 1940 article in the American Sociological Review?

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Question 39

The text states there is a limited focus on white-collar crime and even less of what in the United States?

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Question 40

From a conflict view, what is the relationship between 'the haves' and the law?

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Question 41

The chapter contrasts the criminological community's preoccupation with 'street crimes' and the low-status offender with its lack of attention to what?

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Question 42

What data does the FBI compile from police departments, which is then used to create reports?

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Question 43

The conflict view sees society as a collection of diverse groups that can include owners, workers, students, and which other pair?

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Question 44

Which of the following is NOT a concept explicitly mentioned in the '1.6. Conflict View' chapter?

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Question 45

The chapter suggests that the definitions of crime, according to the conflict view, are controlled by those with wealth, power, and what other characteristic?

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Question 46

What is the publisher of Edwin Sutherland's 1949 book, 'White collar crime', according to the footnote?

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Question 47

The text states that Edwin Sutherland 'later published articles and books on the topic.' What was this topic?

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Question 48

In the conflict view, laws are made by a select group in society and are designed to protect what?

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Question 49

The text uses Edwin Sutherland's work to provide an example of what in action?

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Question 50

What does the chapter suggest may be the reason for the 'lack of focus on white-collar crime in U.S. society' from a conflict perspective?

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Other chapters

1.1. Crime and the Criminal Justice System1.2. Deviance, Rule Violations, and Criminality1.3. Social Norms: Folkways, Mores, Taboo, and Laws1.4. Interactionist View1.5. Consensus View and Decriminalizing Laws1.7. The Three C's: Cops, Courts, and Corrections1.8. The Crime Control and Due Process Models1.9. How Cases Move Through the System1.10. Media Coverage of Crimes1.11. Wedding Cake Model of Justice1.12. Street Crime, Corporate Crime, and White-Collar Crime1.13. Different Types of Crimes and Offenses1.14. Victims and Victim Typologies1.15. Victim Rights and Assistance1.16. "Spare the Rod, Spoil the Child" Myth/Controversy2.1. Dark or Hidden Figure of Crime2.2. Official Statistics2.3. Victimization Studies2.4. Self-Report Statistics2.5. Misusing Statistics3.1. Functions and Limitations of Law3.2. Civil, Criminal, and Moral Wrongs3.3. Sources of Criminal Law: Federal and State Constitutions3.4. Sources of Criminal Law: Statutes, Ordinances, and Other Legislative Enactments3.5. Sources of Law: Administrative Law, Common Law, Case Law and Court Rules3.6. Classifications of Law3.7. Substantive Law: Defining Crimes, Inchoate Liability, Accomplice Liability, and Defenses3.8. Substantive Law: Punishment: Incarceration and Confinement Sanctions3.9. Substantive Law: Physical Punishment Sentences3.10. Substantive Law: Monetary Punishment Sentences3.11. Substantive Law: Community-Based Sentences3.12. Procedural Law4.1. Importance of Policy in Criminal Justice4.2. The Myth of Moral Panics4.3. The Stages of Policy Development4.4. Importance of Evidence Based Practices4.5. Re-Evaluating Policy5.1. What is Theory?5.2. What Makes a Good Theory?5.3. Pre-Classical Theory5.4. Classical School5.5. Neoclassical5.6. Positivist Criminology5.7. Biological and Psychological Positivism5.8. The Chicago School5.9. Strain Theories5.10. Learning Theories5.11. Control Theories5.12. Other Criminological Theories6.1. Policing in Ancient Times6.2. Sir Robert Peel6.3. Policing Eras6.4. Levels of Policing and Role of Police6.5. Recruitment and Hiring in Policing6.6. Recruitment and Hiring Websites for Future Careers6.7. Police Misconduct, Accountability, and Corruption6.8. Current Issues: Police Shootings6.9. Current Issues: Use of Force and Vehicle Pursuits6.10. Current Issues: Stereotypes in Policing6.11. Current Issues: Accountability6.12. Current Issues: Internal Affairs and Discipline6.13.Current Issues: Body Cameras6.14. Myth: “Police Only Write Speeding Tickets to Harass Citizens and it is Entrapment.”7.1. Introduction to the U.S. Court System7.2. Jurisdiction7.3. Structure of the Courts: The Dual Court and Federal Court System7.4. Structure of the Courts: State Courts7.5. American Trial Courts and the Principle of Orality7.6. The Appeals Process, Standard of Review, and Appellate Decisions7.7. Federal Appellate Review of State Cases7.8. Courtroom Players: Judges and Court Staff7.9. Courtroom Players: Prosecutors7.10. Courtroom Workgroup: Defense Attorneys8.1. A Brief History of The Philosophies of Punishment8.2. Retribution8.3. Deterrence8.4. Incapacitation8.5. Rehabilitation8.6. Prisons and Jails8.7. A Brief History of Prisons and Jails8.8. Types of Jails8.9. Who Goes to Jail?8.10. Growth of Prisons in the United States8.11. Types of Prisons8.12. Prison Levels8.13. Who Goes to Prison?9.1. Diversion9.2. Intermediate Sanctions9.3. Probation9.4. Boot Camps/Shock Incarceration9.5. Drug Courts9.6. Halfway Houses9.8. House Arrest9.9. Community Residential Facilities9.10. Restorative Justice9.11. Parole9.12. Current Issues in Corrections9.13. Current Issues in Corrections: Mass Incarceration9.14. Current Issues in Corrections: War on Drugs and Gangs9.15. Current Issues in Corrections: Aging and Overcrowding9.16. Current Issues in Corrections: Reentry and the Future of Corrections10.1. Youth Crime10.2. Juvenile Justice10.3. History of the Juvenile Justice System10.4. Delinquency10.5. Juvenile Justice Process10.6. Due Process in the Juvenile Court10.7. The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 197410.8. Getting Tough: Initiatives for Punishment and Accountability10.9. Returning to Rehabilitation in the Contemporary Juvenile Justice System10.10. The Structure of the Juvenile Justice System10.11. Juvenile InstitutionsGlossary