1.2. Deviance, Rule Violations, and Criminality

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Questions

Question 1

What is the primary definition of 'deviance' as provided in the text?

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Question 2

According to the scholar Goode, as cited in the text, how many conditions must be met for something to be considered deviant?

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Question 3

Which of the following is NOT one of the four necessary conditions for deviance according to Goode's definition?

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Question 4

What does the chapter highlight as the key element that makes the concept of deviance subjective and dependent on context?

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Question 5

The example of wearing 'out of style' clothes to the gym, such as knee-high socks with athletic shorts, is used in the text to illustrate what concept?

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Question 6

According to the chapter, what defines social norms from a sociological perspective?

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Question 7

What does the 'Nude Ultimate Frisbee' scenario primarily serve to demonstrate in the chapter?

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Question 8

The text states that 'not all criminal acts are deviant.' What does this imply?

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Question 9

In the author's example of expressing open support for an unpopular politician at a family dinner, what constituted the 'negative reaction' that is part of Goode's definition of deviance?

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Question 10

How does the chapter describe the relationship between time and social norms?

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Question 11

What type of negative reaction is listed as a possibility in Goode's definition of deviance?

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Question 12

In the example about liking the TV show 'Golden Girls', the author suggests the act might be seen as deviant by her husband but not by her grandma. What concept does this illustrate?

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Question 13

What must be established before someone can violate it, according to the first step in Goode's definition of deviance?

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Question 14

The chapter describes deviance as falling on a 'spectrum'. What does this mean?

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Question 15

In the 'Applying Knowledge' assignment, the example of wearing an awkward outfit to the gym is analyzed using Goode's definition. What served as the 'audience' in this example?

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Question 16

What is the key difference between a 'rule violation' and a 'criminal violation' as implied by the chapter's examples?

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Question 17

Based on Goode's four-part definition, which element is essential for deviance to exist?

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Question 18

The chapter states that 'behaviors that are illegal are not deviant.' What situation would best exemplify this statement?

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Question 19

The author's experience of being at a Thanksgiving dinner and expressing unpopular political views is used to show that deviance can apply to what?

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Question 20

What is the second step in Goode's four-part process for identifying deviance?

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Question 21

The chapter's main argument is that deviance is primarily a quality of what?

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Question 22

What does the example of the person playing nude ultimate frisbee wondering 'is this allowed in Oregon?' signify?

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Question 23

The 'Applying Knowledge' example of the awkward gym outfit states that in earlier decades like the 1980s, yoga pants were 'unheard of'. What does this illustrate about social norms?

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Question 24

According to the chapter, why doesn't one need to violate a 'dangerous norm' to commit an act of deviance?

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Question 25

What is the third step in Goode's definition of deviance, as listed in the chapter?

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Other chapters

1.1. Crime and the Criminal Justice System1.3. Social Norms: Folkways, Mores, Taboo, and Laws1.4. Interactionist View1.5. Consensus View and Decriminalizing Laws1.6. Conflict View1.7. The Three C's: Cops, Courts, and Corrections1.8. The Crime Control and Due Process Models1.9. How Cases Move Through the System1.10. Media Coverage of Crimes1.11. Wedding Cake Model of Justice1.12. Street Crime, Corporate Crime, and White-Collar Crime1.13. Different Types of Crimes and Offenses1.14. Victims and Victim Typologies1.15. Victim Rights and Assistance1.16. "Spare the Rod, Spoil the Child" Myth/Controversy2.1. Dark or Hidden Figure of Crime2.2. Official Statistics2.3. Victimization Studies2.4. Self-Report Statistics2.5. Misusing Statistics3.1. Functions and Limitations of Law3.2. Civil, Criminal, and Moral Wrongs3.3. Sources of Criminal Law: Federal and State Constitutions3.4. Sources of Criminal Law: Statutes, Ordinances, and Other Legislative Enactments3.5. Sources of Law: Administrative Law, Common Law, Case Law and Court Rules3.6. Classifications of Law3.7. Substantive Law: Defining Crimes, Inchoate Liability, Accomplice Liability, and Defenses3.8. Substantive Law: Punishment: Incarceration and Confinement Sanctions3.9. Substantive Law: Physical Punishment Sentences3.10. Substantive Law: Monetary Punishment Sentences3.11. Substantive Law: Community-Based Sentences3.12. Procedural Law4.1. Importance of Policy in Criminal Justice4.2. The Myth of Moral Panics4.3. The Stages of Policy Development4.4. Importance of Evidence Based Practices4.5. Re-Evaluating Policy5.1. What is Theory?5.2. What Makes a Good Theory?5.3. Pre-Classical Theory5.4. Classical School5.5. Neoclassical5.6. Positivist Criminology5.7. Biological and Psychological Positivism5.8. The Chicago School5.9. Strain Theories5.10. Learning Theories5.11. Control Theories5.12. Other Criminological Theories6.1. Policing in Ancient Times6.2. Sir Robert Peel6.3. Policing Eras6.4. Levels of Policing and Role of Police6.5. Recruitment and Hiring in Policing6.6. Recruitment and Hiring Websites for Future Careers6.7. Police Misconduct, Accountability, and Corruption6.8. Current Issues: Police Shootings6.9. Current Issues: Use of Force and Vehicle Pursuits6.10. Current Issues: Stereotypes in Policing6.11. Current Issues: Accountability6.12. Current Issues: Internal Affairs and Discipline6.13.Current Issues: Body Cameras6.14. Myth: “Police Only Write Speeding Tickets to Harass Citizens and it is Entrapment.”7.1. Introduction to the U.S. Court System7.2. Jurisdiction7.3. Structure of the Courts: The Dual Court and Federal Court System7.4. Structure of the Courts: State Courts7.5. American Trial Courts and the Principle of Orality7.6. The Appeals Process, Standard of Review, and Appellate Decisions7.7. Federal Appellate Review of State Cases7.8. Courtroom Players: Judges and Court Staff7.9. Courtroom Players: Prosecutors7.10. Courtroom Workgroup: Defense Attorneys8.1. A Brief History of The Philosophies of Punishment8.2. Retribution8.3. Deterrence8.4. Incapacitation8.5. Rehabilitation8.6. Prisons and Jails8.7. A Brief History of Prisons and Jails8.8. Types of Jails8.9. Who Goes to Jail?8.10. Growth of Prisons in the United States8.11. Types of Prisons8.12. Prison Levels8.13. Who Goes to Prison?9.1. Diversion9.2. Intermediate Sanctions9.3. Probation9.4. Boot Camps/Shock Incarceration9.5. Drug Courts9.6. Halfway Houses9.8. House Arrest9.9. Community Residential Facilities9.10. Restorative Justice9.11. Parole9.12. Current Issues in Corrections9.13. Current Issues in Corrections: Mass Incarceration9.14. Current Issues in Corrections: War on Drugs and Gangs9.15. Current Issues in Corrections: Aging and Overcrowding9.16. Current Issues in Corrections: Reentry and the Future of Corrections10.1. Youth Crime10.2. Juvenile Justice10.3. History of the Juvenile Justice System10.4. Delinquency10.5. Juvenile Justice Process10.6. Due Process in the Juvenile Court10.7. The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 197410.8. Getting Tough: Initiatives for Punishment and Accountability10.9. Returning to Rehabilitation in the Contemporary Juvenile Justice System10.10. The Structure of the Juvenile Justice System10.11. Juvenile InstitutionsGlossary