Key Takeaways and Exercises

What are the two primary features that define survey research?

What are the historical roots of survey research?

What is the nature of most survey research?

The complex cognitive process of responding to a survey item involves several steps. Which of the following is the final step in this process?

Survey responses are subject to context effects. What factors contribute to these effects?

What are the two types of survey items mentioned in the Key Takeaways?

What is the recommended practice for labeling response scales in a survey?

The BRUSO model is a guideline for writing questionnaire items. What does this acronym stand for?

Which type of sampling gives each member of the population a known probability of being selected for the sample?

Which of the following is NOT a type of probability sampling mentioned in the text?

What is sampling bias?

What is described as the most pervasive form of sampling bias?

What is the best way to minimize non-response bias?

Which of the following techniques is mentioned as a way to maximize survey response rates?

Which method of conducting a survey is generally the most expensive?

Which survey methods generally have lower response rates, making them more susceptible to non-response bias?

According to the BRUSO model for questionnaire items, what does the 'R' stand for?

What is the primary characteristic of an open-ended survey item?

Which of the following best describes a closed-ended survey item?

The cognitive process of responding to a survey begins with interpreting the question. What step immediately follows interpretation?

While most survey research is non-experimental, in what context can surveys be used in true experiments?

What is the key advantage of in-person survey interviewing compared to other methods?

According to the Key Takeaways, why are internet surveys likely to become the dominant approach for data collection?

Which type of probability sampling involves dividing the population into subgroups (strata) and then taking a random sample from each subgroup?

What does the 'S' in the BRUSO model for writing effective questionnaire items stand for?

Which statement accurately compares the costs and response rates of different survey methods?

What is the primary function of a closed-ended survey item compared to an open-ended one?

What is the primary reason that survey researchers often prefer probability sampling over non-probability sampling?

Which component of the BRUSO model ensures that a survey question avoids asking about two different concepts at once?

What is the defining characteristic of non-response bias?

What is the recommended approach to survey item labels in the Key Takeaways?

Which survey administration method balances moderate cost with some level of personal contact?

Item order, question wording, and response options are all examples of what type of effect on survey responses?

What is the primary purpose of cluster sampling?

In the cognitive model of survey responding, what is the step that comes between retrieving information and putting the judgment into a response format?

What is the main reason a researcher would choose to use open-ended survey items?

According to the Key Takeaways, survey research has become an important approach in many academic disciplines EXCEPT which of the following?

What does the 'O' in the BRUSO model for writing effective questionnaire items represent?

Which action is a recommended strategy for maximizing survey response rates?

If a researcher wants to survey a sample of small-town residents in a state, which probability sampling method would be most efficient for face-to-face interviews?

Which of these defines a simple random sample?

What is the relationship between survey cost and response rates for mail/internet surveys versus in-person interviews?

The BRUSO model for writing questionnaire items includes 'Unambiguous'. What does this criterion mean?

Why must researchers be sensitive to context effects like item order when constructing surveys?

What does it mean for survey research to feature 'self-report measures'?

Which of the following describes a key characteristic of closed-ended items?

What is the primary risk associated with low survey response rates?

How can a survey be utilized within a true experimental design?

The Key Takeaways list several steps in the cognitive process of responding to a survey. Which step is NOT part of this model?

Which of these is the defining feature of survey research as a quantitative method?