Understanding Psychological Measurement

What is the general definition of measurement as presented in the chapter?

What is the term for psychological measurement, which involves assigning scores to individuals to represent a characteristic?

The Beck Depression Inventory is described as a 21-item self-report questionnaire where a person's score represents their current level of depression. What fundamental requirement of measurement does this procedure fulfill?

What is a psychological construct?

According to the text, what is one reason psychological constructs cannot be observed directly?

Which of the following is an example of a psychological construct?

How is a conceptual definition of a psychological construct described in the text?

What is an operational definition?

Which of the following describes a self-report measure?

Measuring a person's working memory capacity using the backward digit span task is an example of what type of measure?

Recording blood pressure and levels of the stress hormone cortisol to measure stress are examples of which type of measure?

What is the concept of 'converging operations'?

The psychologist S. S. Stevens is credited with suggesting four different levels of measurement. What level is used for categorical variables and involves assigning scores that are category labels?

A researcher asks consumers to rate their satisfaction with a product as either 'very dissatisfied,' 'somewhat dissatisfied,' 'somewhat satisfied,' or 'very satisfied.' What level of measurement is being used?

What is the key limitation of the ordinal level of measurement?

Temperature measured in Fahrenheit or Celsius is a classic example of which level of measurement?

Why does it not make sense to say that 80 degrees Fahrenheit is 'twice as hot' as 40 degrees Fahrenheit?

Which level of measurement has a true zero point that represents the complete absence of the quantity being measured?

Measuring the number of siblings a person has is an example of which level of measurement?

According to the text, why is it important to distinguish between the levels of measurement?

A researcher counting the number of acts of physical aggression a child commits toward a Bobo doll in a 20-minute period is an example of what?

What is the key difference between a conceptual definition and an operational definition of a construct like stress?

In the famous operational definition of physical aggression by Albert Bandura and his colleagues, how long was the observation period for each child in the room with the Bobo doll?

The Beck Depression Inventory, mentioned as a tool to measure depression, is a self-report questionnaire consisting of how many items?

What is the essential point about nominal scales regarding the ordering of responses?

Which of the Big Five personality dimensions is defined in the text as people's tendency to experience negative emotions such as anxiety, anger, and sadness?

If a researcher measures stress by using the Social Readjustment Rating Scale, the Hassles and Uplifts Scale, and by measuring cortisol levels, this strategy is known as what?

In psychology, the intelligence quotient (IQ) is often considered to be measured at which level?

According to the text, why can one say that someone with six siblings has twice as many as someone with three siblings?

What is the primary difference between behavioral measures and physiological measures?

A researcher defines 'fear' for their study as 'a participant's average heart rate during exposure to a stimulus.' This is an example of:

What type of statistical analysis is mentioned as being permissible for interval and ratio-level measurements but not typically for lower levels?

If you ask participants to indicate their marital status (e.g., 'Single,' 'Married,' 'Divorced'), what is the level of measurement?

Which level of measurement provides the most quantitative information?

According to the text, why do researchers often prefer to develop their own conceptual definitions rather than using a dictionary?

What does a score of 0 on the Kelvin temperature scale represent, making it a ratio scale?

A researcher wishes to measure the time it takes for runners to complete a 100-m race to the nearest tenth of a second. This procedure results in what level of measurement?

What is the primary function of a backward digit span task as described in the chapter?

The Hassles and Uplifts Scale is presented as an operational definition for which psychological construct?

When the results of various measures of stress are all correlated with each other and with immune system functioning, this provides good evidence for what?

For a variable measured at the nominal level, what is the only available measure of central tendency?

Which of the following would be an operational definition of the construct 'athleticism'?

What is a major reason that psychological constructs like 'extraversion' often involve internal processes?

Why would a researcher measuring the times of runners in a race by ranking them (first, second, third) be using an ordinal level of measurement?

If a researcher measures the amount of money a person has in their pocket, this is a ratio scale measurement because:

In the context of psychological measurement, what is the key difference between an interval scale and a ratio scale?

What does a score of 125 on the Social Readjustment Rating Scale, based on life events like divorce (73 points) and a change in jobs (36 points), represent?

If a person has an IQ of 140, it is not correct to say they have twice the IQ of a person with a score of 70. Why is this?

Which of the following is NOT listed in the text as a physiological variable used to operationally define stress?

What is the fundamental requirement for any procedure to be considered a form of measurement?