Social Cognition and Attitudes

What is the term for a mental model or representation, like a mental blueprint, of the various things we come across in our daily lives?

Judging the likelihood of an object belonging to a particular category based on how similar it is to one's mental representation of that category is an example of which mental shortcut?

What is the term for the tendency to evaluate the frequency or likelihood of an event based on how easily instances of it come to mind?

According to research on 'thin-slice judgments', how predictive were students' ratings of a teacher's warmth and enthusiasm from a 30-second video clip?

The phenomenon of underestimating how much time it will take to complete a task, such as writing a paper, is known as what?

What is the term for predictions about one's future feelings?

The tendency for a person to overestimate the intensity of their future feelings is referred to as what?

What is the durability bias in affective forecasting?

Mental processes that are influenced by desires and feelings are referred to as what?

When we are motivated to reach a particular outcome or judgment, these are known as what?

What is the term for being skeptical of evidence that goes against what we want to believe, despite the strength of the evidence?

The desire to come to a firm conclusion, often induced by time constraints or individual differences, is known as what?

The tendency to more easily recall memories that are similar in emotional tone to our current mood is known as what?

According to the features of an automatic process, which of the following is NOT a characteristic of automaticity?

What is the chameleon effect?

What is the term for our general beliefs about the traits or behaviors shared by a group of people?

In Patricia Devine's (1989) classic study, what effect did priming participants with words associated with Blacks have on their judgment of a target's ambiguous behaviors?

What is an attitude, as defined by Eagly and Chaiken (1993)?

Measures in which participants are directly asked to provide their attitudes toward objects, people, or issues are known as what?

What is a primary limitation of explicit attitude measures, particularly when dealing with controversial topics?

What is an implicit attitude?

What does the Implicit Association Test (IAT) primarily measure?

What is the evaluative priming task designed to measure?

Research using the IAT has shown that about what percentage of white respondents have a negative bias toward Blacks?

According to the chapter, what has research shown about the relationship between implicit associations linking Blacks to violence and behavior in a video game task?

What type of schema allows us to navigate new situations, such as dining at a restaurant, efficiently and seamlessly?

A study on the availability heuristic found that people incorrectly believe more words begin with 'k' than have 'k' as the third letter. How many times more common are words with 'k' as the third letter?

When predicting our future feelings, we are adept at predicting whether an event will make us feel positive or negative, but we often incorrectly predict the what?

The durability bias, the tendency to overestimate how long feelings will last, is much greater for predictions regarding which type of events?

What did the classic study by Schwarz & Clore (1983) find about how weather affected participants' ratings of life satisfaction?

A behavior or process is considered automatic if it is unintentional, uncontrollable, occurs outside of conscious awareness, or is what?

What has the automatic mimicry of the chameleon effect been shown to lead to?

What does it mean for a concept to be 'primed'?

An attitude that is consciously held and can be reported on by the person holding it is known as what?

Which type of attitude measure infers the participant's attitude rather than having the participant explicitly report it?

According to the text, a perceiver may quickly judge a female to be an athlete based on the fact that she is tall, muscular, and wearing sports apparel. This is a classic example of using the:

When is the representativeness heuristic less appropriate to use?

Which of the following best describes the research findings on self-prediction versus peer-prediction of personality and behavior?

Why does the durability bias occur, according to the text?

What is the key difference between a schema for women and a stereotype about women?

In the context of attitude measurement, what is one reason explicit measures may be unreliable for controversial topics like racial issues?

How do implicit measures of attitudes, such as the IAT, often infer a person's attitude?

The chapter concludes that even though individuals are often unaware of their implicit attitudes, these attitudes can have serious implications for their what?

The area of social psychology that examines how people perceive and think about their social world is called what?

The research on thin-slice judgments has shown that perceivers can make surprisingly accurate inferences about another person based on what?

What does the text suggest is the relationship between an object's similarity to a category and the representativeness heuristic?

When are individuals' implicit attitudes most likely to have serious implications for their behavior?

What type of heuristic is a person using when they overestimate the probability of dying in a plane crash because such events are highly memorable and publicized?

Which of the following describes the process where concepts and behaviors can become automatic?

Which of these is an example of an explicit attitude measure described in the chapter?