Cognitive Development in Childhood

What is the primary focus of stage theories of child development, such as Piaget's stage theory?

In the DeVries (1969) study, how did most 3-year-old children describe Maynard the cat after a dog mask was placed on its head?

According to the text, what does 'nurture' refer to in the context of child development?

What must an infant experience to develop normal depth perception, according to the text?

What is the age range for Piaget's sensorimotor stage of cognitive development?

What is the key cognitive limitation that Piaget claims infants younger than 9 months have, as demonstrated by the object permanence task?

According to Piaget, what is the primary error in thinking that children in the preoperational stage make when faced with conservation problems?

During which of Piaget's stages do children overcome the tendency to focus on a single dimension and begin to think logically in most situations?

What did Diamond's (1985) research on the object permanence task reveal about Piaget's claims?

What skill is identified as a crucial skill in learning to read and the strongest predictor of reading achievement in third and fourth grade?

In the study by Ramani and Siegler (2008), what activity was found to improve low-income children's knowledge of numerical magnitudes?

The development of which part of the brain, particularly involved with planning and flexible problem solving, continues throughout adolescence?

What is the term for changes that are gradual and incremental, such as the growth of a pine tree's width?

Which of Piaget's stages is characterized by children's thinking being largely realized through their perceptions of the world and their physical interactions with it?

What is the age range for Piaget's preoperational reasoning stage?

What is a major cognitive limitation for children in the concrete operations stage, according to Piaget's pendulum problem experiment?

What does the example of children of pottery makers in Mexican villages demonstrate regarding cognitive development?

According to the vocabulary section, what are 'conservation problems'?

The life cycle of a ladybug, which involves becoming a totally different type of entity, is an example of what kind of developmental change?

How long did low-income children play the numerical board game in the Ramani and Siegler (2008) study to see improvements in their mathematical knowledge?

What is the primary characteristic of sociocultural theories of child development, like that of Lev Vygotsky?

According to Diamond's (1985) findings, at what age do infants successfully retrieve a hidden object if the waiting period is no longer than 2 seconds?

What is the primary function of information processing theories of child development?

In Piaget's conservation-of-liquid task, a child in the preoperational stage sees water poured from a short, wide glass into a tall, thin glass. What will the child typically claim?

What is the age range for Piaget's concrete operations stage?

Which factor is described as being necessary for the formal operations stage to occur?

How does the text resolve the debate between whether cognitive development is fundamentally continuous or discontinuous?

What is an example of a task used to measure phonemic awareness in children?

What did Ramani and Siegler (2008) hypothesize was the reason for the gap in mathematical knowledge between children from low-income and more affluent backgrounds?

What is a key advantage of the educational intervention using a numerical board game like Chutes and Ladders?

What is defined as the development of thinking across the lifespan?

How did the 6-year-old participants in DeVries's (1969) study react when a dog mask was placed on Maynard the cat?

According to the text, what is a way that infants' genes can influence their cognitive development through nurture?

Even 1-month-old infants contribute to their own cognitive development by choosing to do what?

The existence of both gradual changes and sudden shifts in the world has led developmental researchers to ask which key question?

At what age do children enter Piaget's formal operations stage, where they may gain the reasoning power of mature adults?

At 3 or 4 months, what behavior do infants show that suggests an early form of object permanence, according to Baillargeon (1987)?

What was the long-term result of teaching phonemic awareness skills to randomly chosen 4- and 5-year-olds?

The game 'Chutes and Ladders' is thought to provide a broad-based, multisensory foundation for what type of knowledge?

What is the conclusion of the chapter about our understanding of cognitive development?

According to Piaget's theory, as defined in the vocabulary list, how does development occur?

What does 'Nature' refer to as defined in the vocabulary list for this chapter?

In the context of cognitive development, what are 'qualitative changes'?

What is the key ability children gain during the preoperational reasoning stage (age 2 to 7 years)?

Why do older children and adolescents have greater contributions to their own cognitive development compared to younger children?

According to the study by DeVries (1969), the dramatic difference in thinking between 3-year-olds and 6-year-olds in just a few years is described as what?

An example of a child in Piaget's concrete operational stage performing a biased experiment with a pendulum would be:

What does the text conclude about the impact of teaching phonemic awareness skills to 4- and 5-year-olds?

According to the vocabulary list, 'numerical magnitudes' refers to what?

According to Diamond's (1985) findings, at what age can infants successfully retrieve a hidden object if the wait is no longer than 4 seconds?