Summary unavailable.

Questions

Question 1

A credible objective theory is required to fulfill two primary objectives of scientific knowledge. What are these two objectives?

View answer and explanation
Question 2

What is the term for the standard that a good objective theory should be as simple as possible, without any unnecessary concepts or variables?

View answer and explanation
Question 3

According to philosopher Karl Popper, the defining feature of scientific theory is its falsifiability. What does this mean?

View answer and explanation
Question 4

What is Klaus Krippendorff's 'ethical imperative' for interpretive theorists?

View answer and explanation
Question 5

Which two qualities are identified in the chapter as being essential for an interpretive theory to satisfy the standard of aesthetic appeal?

View answer and explanation
Question 6

What is the primary goal of the qualitative research method known as ethnography?

View answer and explanation
Question 7

The chapter discusses a story about Willie Sutton, the bank robber, to illustrate how a statement can lack which specific scientific standard?

View answer and explanation
Question 8

How many criteria for a good objective theory are discussed in the chapter?

View answer and explanation
Question 9

What is the primary aim of critical interpreters, a specific type of interpretive scholar?

View answer and explanation
Question 10

The chapter contrasts the mindsets of scientists and interpretive scholars with two functions from the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. Which two functions are they?

View answer and explanation
Question 11

What is a survey, as defined as a research method for objective theories?

View answer and explanation
Question 12

The chapter mentions a student's experience of reading an academic monograph as being like 'scuba diving in fudge'. This is used as an example of a theory failing which standard of interpretive quality?

View answer and explanation
Question 13

What is the key difference between an experiment and a survey as quantitative research methods?

View answer and explanation
Question 14

The summary chart at the end of the chapter shows a point of contact between 'explanation of data' (scientific) and 'new understanding of people' (interpretive). What do both of these standards help to illuminate?

View answer and explanation
Question 15

What is the most common form of textual analysis in the communication discipline?

View answer and explanation
Question 16

The chapter opens by comparing the tension between objective and interpretive scholars to the struggle between which two groups?

View answer and explanation
Question 17

Which standard for a good objective theory is most closely associated with social psychologist Kurt Lewin's claim that 'there is nothing as practical as a good theory'?

View answer and explanation
Question 18

The self-referential imperative, which states, 'Include yourself as a constituent of your own construction,' is an idea from which scholar?

View answer and explanation
Question 19

What does a research experimenter try to establish by systematically manipulating one factor in a controlled situation?

View answer and explanation
Question 20

According to David Zarefsky, sound arguments in interpretive scholarship differ from unsound ones because sound arguments are addressed to whom?

View answer and explanation
Question 21

In the summary comparison of scientific and interpretive theories, what common ground is identified between 'practical utility' and 'reform of society'?

View answer and explanation
Question 22

What does an interpretive scholar typically examine to gain fresh insight into the human condition?

View answer and explanation
Question 23

According to the chapter, what is the 'independent variable' in a research experiment?

View answer and explanation
Question 24

The principle of Occam's razor implores theorists to do what?

View answer and explanation
Question 25

The story of Stan Musial cautiously approaching his Black teammates to learn their group rituals and see the world from their perspective is given as an example of what?

View answer and explanation
Question 26

How many functions or standards for a good interpretive theory are discussed in the chapter?

View answer and explanation
Question 27

Which of the following research methods do objective theorists primarily use to test their predictions, according to the chapter?

View answer and explanation
Question 28

What does a prediction from a good objective theory of human behavior typically speak about?

View answer and explanation
Question 29

According to the chapter, why would an objective scholar be unhappy with a 'trait' theory that explains nervous behavior simply as 'That's the kind of people they are'?

View answer and explanation
Question 30

The cartoon showing Rube Goldberg's 'better mousetrap' is used as an example of a violation of which scientific standard?

View answer and explanation
Question 31

What is the primary difference between quantitative and qualitative research as described in the chapter?

View answer and explanation
Question 32

According to Ernest Bormann, what makes a work of humanistic (interpretive) scholarship 'live on through time'?

View answer and explanation
Question 33

What does the interpretive standard 'community of agreement' suggest about how the reasonableness of an interpretation is decided?

View answer and explanation
Question 34

In what way are the scientific standard of 'testing hypotheses' and the interpretive standard of 'community of agreement' similar?

View answer and explanation
Question 35

The chapter defines textual analysis as the intensive study of what?

View answer and explanation
Question 36

Which anthropologist did Gregory Bateson describe as two 'great contraries of the mind' that are both vital to scholarship?

View answer and explanation
Question 37

According to the chapter, a survey can save valuable time that would otherwise be needed to establish cause-and-effect by conducting what?

View answer and explanation
Question 38

The analysis of Lincoln's Gettysburg Address by Edwin Black is used to illustrate which standard of a good interpretive theory?

View answer and explanation
Question 39

What does the dependent variable in a research experiment refer to?

View answer and explanation
Question 40

How is 'effectiveness' defined in the context of Stan Deetz's framework contrasting the priorities of communication theories?

View answer and explanation
Question 41

What does the chapter suggest about the complexity of Albert Einstein's formula E = mc squared?

View answer and explanation
Question 42

The chapter argues that the wider the scope of a theory's application, the greater its what?

View answer and explanation
Question 43

What is the primary function of the qualitative tool of introspection, as mentioned in the chapter?

View answer and explanation
Question 44

What is the definition of the self-referential imperative according to the chapter?

View answer and explanation
Question 45

According to the chapter, a theory about communication apprehension had great predictive power but lacked a good explanation for what?

View answer and explanation
Question 46

What does a qualitative researcher study things in, according to the Handbook of Qualitative Research?

View answer and explanation
Question 47

Which standard of a good objective theory is demonstrated by the example of a boyhood 'never-miss' basketball shot that, by definition, could not be a miss?

View answer and explanation
Question 48

According to the chapter, why do critical theorists challenge 'blind reliance on the scientific method'?

View answer and explanation
Question 49

In the comparison between scientific and interpretive criteria, what common ground is found between 'relative simplicity' and 'aesthetic appeal'?

View answer and explanation
Question 50

What does a good social science theory do besides describe a process and focus attention on what is crucial?

View answer and explanation

Other chapters

Launching Your Study of Communication TheoryTalk About TheoryMapping the Territory (Seven Traditions in the Field of Communication Theory)Symbolic Interactionism of George Herbert MeadCoordinated Management of Meaning (CMM) of W. Barnett Pearce & Vernon CronenExpectancy Violations Theory of Judee BurgoonSocial Penetration Theory of Irwin Altman & Dalmas TaylorUncertainty Reduction Theory of Charles BergerSocial Information Processing Theory of Joseph WaltherRelational Dialectics Theory of Leslie Baxter & Mikhail BakhtinCommunication Privacy Management Theory of Sandra PetronioMedia Multiplexity Theory of Caroline HaythornthwaiteSocial Judgment Theory of Muzafer SherifElaboration Likelihood Model of Richard Petty & John CacioppoCognitive Dissonance Theory of Leon FestingerFunctional Perspective on Group Decision Making of Randy Hirokawa & Dennis GouranSymbolic Convergence Theory of Ernest BormannCultural Approach to Organizations of Clifford Geertz & Michael PacanowskyCommunicative Constitution of Organizations of Robert McPheeCritical Theory of Communication in Organizations of Stanley DeetzThe Rhetoric of AristotleDramatism of Kenneth BurkeNarrative Paradigm of Walter FisherMedia Ecology of Marshall McLuhanSemiotics of Roland BarthesCultural Studies of Stuart HallUses and Gratifications of Elihu KatzCultivation Theory of George GerbnerAgenda-Setting Theory of Maxwell McCombs & Donald ShawGenderlect Styles of Deborah TannenStandpoint Theory of Sandra Harding & Julia WoodMuted Group Theory of Cheris KramaraeCommunication Accommodation Theory of Howard GilesFace-Negotiation Theory of Stella Ting-ToomeyCo-Cultural Theory of Mark OrbeCommon Threads in Comm Theories