Common Threads in Comm Theories

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Questions

Question 1

How many recurring principles, or "threads," are identified in the chapter as weaving through multiple communication theories?

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Question 2

To qualify as a "thread" in the tapestry of communication theory, a principle or concept must be a significant feature of at least how many different theories covered in the text?

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Question 3

What is the central idea of the "Motivation" thread in communication theories?

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Question 4

Which theory is presented as the primary exemplar for the "Motivation" thread, holding that relationships develop based on perceived benefits and costs?

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Question 5

According to the discussion of the "Motivation" thread, Burke's "Definition of Man" suggests that the language of perfection makes us all feel guilty, which is a catchall term for anxiety, tension, and shame, thus motivating communication through a need to reduce what?

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Question 6

How is the "Self-Image" thread defined within the chapter?

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Question 7

Which theorist's work on symbolic interactionism is used as the exemplar for the "Self-Image" thread, claiming our concept of self is formed through communication and the "looking-glass self"?

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Question 8

The "Cause for pause" section for the Self-Image thread discusses a fundamental attribution error. What is this error?

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Question 9

What is the core principle of the "Credibility" thread?

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Question 10

According to the "Credibility" thread, which ancient theorist used the term "ethos" to describe the credibility of a speaker, defining it as a combination of perceived intelligence, character, and goodwill?

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Question 11

Under the "Credibility" thread, how does Harding and Wood's standpoint theory relate to the concept of credibility?

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Question 12

What is the defining principle of the "Expectation" thread?

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Question 13

Which theory is used as the exemplar for the "Expectation" thread, defining expectation as what we anticipate will happen rather than what we might desire?

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Question 14

How does Gerbner’s cultivation theory relate to the "Expectation" thread?

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Question 15

What is the primary concept of the "Audience Adaptation" thread?

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Question 16

Which theory, as an exemplar for the "Audience Adaptation" thread, predicts that persuaders should craft a message that falls at the edge of a person's latitude of acceptance?

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Question 17

Under the "Audience Adaptation" thread, how does Giles' communication accommodation theory (CAT) describe divergence?

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Question 18

The "Cause for pause" for the "Audience Adaptation" thread raises a concern about pandering. It also mentions Raymond Bauer's article "The Obstinate Audience," which suggests what intriguing possibility?

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Question 19

What is the central principle of the "Social Construction" thread?

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Question 20

Which theory, used as the primary exemplar for the "Social Construction" thread, urges us to ask, "What are we doing? What are we making together? How can we make better social worlds?"

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Question 21

How does McLuhan's media ecology relate to the "Social Construction" thread?

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Question 22

What is the defining principle of the "Shared Meaning" thread?

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Question 23

Which theory, used as the exemplar for the "Shared Meaning" thread, describes culture as "webs of significance—systems of shared meaning"?

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Question 24

How does Bormann's symbolic convergence theory fit into the "Shared Meaning" thread?

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Question 25

The "Cause for pause" section for the "Shared Meaning" thread raises a concern about the "meaning-in-persons" idea. What is the potential extreme implication of this idea?

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Question 26

What is the defining principle of the "Narrative" thread?

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Question 27

Which theory, as the exemplar for the "Narrative" thread, claims that people are essentially storytellers and that we judge communication by its narrative coherence and fidelity?

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Question 28

In the discussion of the "Narrative" thread, how does Tannen's genderlect styles theory explain the difference in storytelling between men and women?

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Question 29

What is the core principle of the "Conflict" thread?

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Question 30

Which theory is the exemplar for the "Conflict" thread, describing managerial efforts to suppress conflict through discursive closure rather than addressing it through open discussion?

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Question 31

According to the "Conflict" thread, how does Petronio's communication privacy management theory suggest that conflict can be headed off?

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Question 32

The "Cause for pause" for the "Conflict" thread highlights a cultural difference in handling conflict by referencing Ting-Toomey's face-negotiation theory. What is this difference?

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Question 33

What is the defining principle of the "Dialogue" thread?

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Question 34

Which theory, as the exemplar for the "Dialogue" thread, draws upon Bakhtin's conception of dialogue to describe it as an aesthetic accomplishment producing fleeting moments of unity?

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Question 35

Under the "Dialogue" thread, what is the key difference noted between Buber's view of dialogue (used in CMM) and Bakhtin's view (used in Relational Dialectics)?

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Question 36

How do Kramarae's muted group theory and Orbe's co-cultural theory relate to the "Dialogue" thread?

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Question 37

The "Cause for pause" section for the "Dialogue" thread suggests that, in practice, dialogue is exceedingly rare. What is the estimated frequency of conversations that would qualify as true dialogue?

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Question 38

In the introduction to the chapter, four distinct ways to respond to differing theoretical preferences (objective vs. interpretive) are mentioned. Which of the following is NOT one of those four ways?

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Question 39

Which response to differing theoretical approaches is characterized by the view that it's "ridiculous to say the other side has something to offer" and involves criticizing the views of "misguided others"?

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Question 40

The response of "Respect differences," attributed to Richard Rorty, suggests that the debates between the sciences and humanities are what?

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Question 41

The "Cooperate with colleagues" response to differing theoretical approaches uses cultivation theorist George Gerbner's vision of a symbiotic relationship between which two worldviews?

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Question 42

What does the chapter state is the general guideline for citing theories in its discussion of the ten threads?

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Question 43

In the "Cause for pause" for the 'Motivation' thread, what is the author's primary reservation about theories of motivation?

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Question 44

According to the "Credibility" thread, what is the potential pitfall of focusing on the source of a message?

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Question 45

What is the key problem raised in the "Cause for pause" section for the 'Expectation' thread?

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Question 46

The 'Cause for pause' for the 'Social Construction' thread questions whether language can describe a foundational reality. What is the central question it asks the reader?

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Question 47

What is the central problem raised in the "Cause for pause" for the 'Narrative' thread?

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Question 48

Figure 37-1, "Common Threads That Run Through Communication Theories," is presented to help unravel the 10 threads. What does each black dot on the chart represent?

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Question 49

Which of the ten threads are linked to Symbolic Interactionism according to Figure 37-1?

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Question 50

According to Figure 37-1, which theory is shown to be connected to the highest number of threads, including Self-Image, Credibility, Audience Adaptation, Narrative, and Conflict?

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Other chapters

Launching Your Study of Communication TheoryTalk About TheoryWeighing the WordsMapping the Territory (Seven Traditions in the Field of Communication Theory)Symbolic Interactionism of George Herbert MeadCoordinated Management of Meaning (CMM) of W. Barnett Pearce & Vernon CronenExpectancy Violations Theory of Judee BurgoonSocial Penetration Theory of Irwin Altman & Dalmas TaylorUncertainty Reduction Theory of Charles BergerSocial Information Processing Theory of Joseph WaltherRelational Dialectics Theory of Leslie Baxter & Mikhail BakhtinCommunication Privacy Management Theory of Sandra PetronioMedia Multiplexity Theory of Caroline HaythornthwaiteSocial Judgment Theory of Muzafer SherifElaboration Likelihood Model of Richard Petty & John CacioppoCognitive Dissonance Theory of Leon FestingerFunctional Perspective on Group Decision Making of Randy Hirokawa & Dennis GouranSymbolic Convergence Theory of Ernest BormannCultural Approach to Organizations of Clifford Geertz & Michael PacanowskyCommunicative Constitution of Organizations of Robert McPheeCritical Theory of Communication in Organizations of Stanley DeetzThe Rhetoric of AristotleDramatism of Kenneth BurkeNarrative Paradigm of Walter FisherMedia Ecology of Marshall McLuhanSemiotics of Roland BarthesCultural Studies of Stuart HallUses and Gratifications of Elihu KatzCultivation Theory of George GerbnerAgenda-Setting Theory of Maxwell McCombs & Donald ShawGenderlect Styles of Deborah TannenStandpoint Theory of Sandra Harding & Julia WoodMuted Group Theory of Cheris KramaraeCommunication Accommodation Theory of Howard GilesFace-Negotiation Theory of Stella Ting-ToomeyCo-Cultural Theory of Mark Orbe