Motivation Concepts

According to Chapter 7, what are the three key elements that define motivation?

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, which of the following is considered a higher-order need?

According to Douglas McGregor's theory, a manager who believes employees inherently dislike work and must be directed or coerced into performing it is operating under which assumption?

In Herzberg's two-factor theory, which of the following is considered a 'motivator' rather than a 'hygiene factor'?

According to McClelland's theory of needs, which need is described as the desire for friendly and close interpersonal relationships?

What does self-determination theory propose about people's preferences regarding their actions?

Cognitive evaluation theory, an outgrowth of self-determination theory, suggests that providing extrinsic rewards for behavior that was previously intrinsically rewarding tends to:

What is the definition of job engagement provided in Chapter 7?

According to goal-setting theory, what effect does feedback have on performance?

What does MBO (management by objectives) emphasize?

Self-efficacy theory refers to an individual's belief that they are:

Which of the following is NOT one of the four ways Albert Bandura proposed for increasing self-efficacy?

Reinforcement theory takes what kind of view on behavior?

What is the core principle of equity theory?

Organizational justice is a refinement of equity theory that includes which three major components?

In Victor Vroom's expectancy theory, what does the 'effort-performance relationship' refer to?

A recent Gallup poll cited in Chapter 7 found that what percentage of U.S. employees are not actively engaged in their work?

What is the main critique of Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory mentioned in the textbook?

According to McClelland's theory, the best managers tend to be:

What is the primary difference between reinforcement theory and goal-setting theory?

The 'Myth or Science?' box titled 'The Support of Others Improves Our Chances of Accomplishing Our Goals' concludes that support from others generally:

What concept from social-learning theory describes the influence of models such as parents, teachers, and bosses on an individual's learning?

According to the discussion of self-concordance, why are people who pursue goals for intrinsic reasons more likely to attain them?

The Pygmalion effect, a form of self-fulfilling prophecy, is an application of which source of self-efficacy?

What is the main finding regarding inequities created by overpayment, according to Chapter 7's review of equity theory?

Procedural justice is concerned with the:

According to the textbook, which of the early theories of motivation has received the best research support?

The integrating model of contemporary theories of motivation shown in Exhibit 7-9 is built upon which theory as its basic foundation?

In the integrating model (Exhibit 7-9), what is the role of the organization’s rewards?

A study cited in Chapter 7 found that what percentage of workers reported wasting roughly 2 hours per day on activities like internet surfing?

The 'Ethical Choice' box on page 209 suggests that unethical behavior in organizations is sometimes encouraged by:

In the context of equity theory, how would an employee who feels underrewarded be likely to react?

Two key elements of procedural justice are:

Which of the following theories has an impressive record for predicting work quality and quantity, persistence, and absenteeism, but does not offer much insight into employee satisfaction?

What does the 'rewards-personal goals relationship' in expectancy theory address?

According to the 'glOBalization!' box on page 210, research on autonomy needs across cultures suggests that:

What does research on subconscious goals, as discussed in Chapter 7, suggest?

A manager who explains the purpose and importance of a goal before assigning it is attempting to increase:

According to the 'Point/Counterpoint' debate on page 229, what is the main argument FOR fear being a powerful motivator?

Which early theory of motivation has been criticized for relying on self-reports where individuals tend to take credit for success and blame failure on the environment?

Which of the following describes the need for power (nPow) in McClelland's theory?

The 'Ethical Choice' box on page 209 notes that a survey found what percentage of U.S. workers experience pressure from superiors to behave unethically?

Why does goal specificity act as an internal stimulus, according to Chapter 7?

Social-learning theory includes four processes that determine a model's influence on an individual. What is the correct order of these processes?

What is the primary motivation for an individual with a high need for achievement (nAch)?

In the integrating model of motivation, which concept recognizes that factors like ability and a fair performance evaluation system can aid or hinder the path from effort to performance?

What is the primary weakness of expectancy theory, as noted in the chapter summary?

Which of the following is an example of an 'Other-outside' referent comparison in equity theory?

According to the textbook, which form of justice relates most strongly to job satisfaction, employee trust, and citizenship behaviors?

The case incident 'It's Not Fair!' discusses executive compensation. It mentions that the average S&P 500 CEO is paid how many times more than the lowest-paid laborer?