Water

What is the H—O—H bond angle in a water molecule, as stated in the text?

What is the approximate bond dissociation energy for a hydrogen bond in liquid water?

Which term describes compounds that are poorly soluble in water because they cannot form energetically favorable interactions with water molecules?

What is the primary thermodynamic driving force for the aggregation of nonpolar compounds in aqueous solution?

What is the value for the ion product of water, Kw, at 25 degrees Celsius?

What is the pH of a solution with an H+ concentration of 1.3 x 10^-4 M?

According to the titration curve for acetic acid (pKa = 4.76), in what state is the acid at the midpoint of the titration?

Which of the following pairs represents a conjugate acid-base pair?

What is the primary buffer system that acts in the cytoplasm of all cells?

What is the pKa of the phosphate buffer system (H2PO4-/HPO4^2-), making it an effective buffer in biological fluids?

In untreated diabetes mellitus, the accumulation of which two carboxylic acids can lead to a life-threatening condition called acidosis?

The formation of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate is an example of what type of reaction where the elements of water are eliminated?

What is the pH of a mixture of 0.042 M NaH2PO4 and 0.058 M Na2HPO4, given that the pKa is 6.86?

What is the 'apparent pKa' or pKcombined for the bicarbonate buffer system in clinical medicine, which accounts for the reservoir of CO2(d)?

What term describes the properties of water, such as vapor pressure and boiling point, that are altered by the presence of solutes?

How do hydrogen bonds in ice differ from those in liquid water at room temperature?

What is the van't Hoff factor (i) for a nonionizing solute like glucose?

The buffering range of a weak acid and its conjugate base generally extends about how many pH units on either side of its pKa?

What is the term for a solution that has a higher osmolarity than that of a cell's cytosol, causing the cell to shrink?

Hydrogen bonds are strongest and most stable when the hydrogen atom and the two atoms that share it are oriented in what way?

What is the concentration of H+ in a solution of 0.1 M NaOH?

A reaction that involves the cleavage of a bond accompanied by the addition of the elements of water is known as what?

Why do macromolecules like proteins and polysaccharides have less effect on the osmolarity of a solution than an equal mass of their monomeric components?

What is the dielectric constant of water at 25 degrees Celsius, which allows it to effectively screen electrostatic interactions between dissolved ions?

In a solution of a weak acid, if the pH is two units below its pKa, what is the approximate ratio of the conjugate base [A-] to the weak acid [HA]?