Musculoskeletal System

What is the term for a decrease in bone mineral density that is considered a precursor condition to osteoporosis?

According to the provided text, which of the following is considered the gold standard diagnostic test for confirming osteopenia or osteoporosis?

What is the primary mechanism by which bisphosphonates, such as alendronate, treat osteoporosis?

What is the primary clinical manifestation of osteoarthritis (OA)?

Which laboratory values are typically elevated in osteoarthritis (OA) and indicate the presence of general inflammation?

What type of fracture is characterized by at least one end of the broken bone tearing through the skin, carrying a high risk of infection?

A nurse is performing a neurovascular assessment on a patient with a bone fracture. Which of the 5 P's refers to numbness or tingling in the extremity, which may indicate nerve damage?

A fat embolism is a life-threatening complication most commonly associated with fractures of long bones. Within what timeframe do these clots typically develop after the initial fracture?

Which type of muscular dystrophy (MD) is the most common, accounts for approximately half of all MD cases, and results from a complete absence of the protein dystrophin?

A child is having trouble standing up from a sitting position on the floor, is 'toe walking,' and falls frequently. These clinical findings are most indicative of which condition?

What is the most specific diagnostic test for confirming systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) presents with a rash across their nose and cheeks. What is this characteristic rash commonly called?

What is the hallmark sign of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that a nurse should assess for?

Which class of medications is unique in its ability to slow the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by interfering with inflammatory pathways?

A patient experiences overstretching or tearing of a ligament in their ankle. What type of soft tissue injury is this?

What is the recommended nursing intervention acronym for the initial management of soft tissue injuries?

In the United States, approximately how many million Americans are affected by osteoarthritis?

A patient has a fracture in which the bone has several breaks, resulting in many small pieces between two large segments. What is this type of fracture called?

What is the underlying pathophysiology of osteoporosis?

A patient with osteoarthritis has a bony projection that has developed along the edge of a bone in their foot. What is this projection called?

Which serious complication of a bone fracture involves increased pressure within a tissue area, leading to muscle and nerve damage due to decreased blood flow?

What type of muscular dystrophy is most commonly first diagnosed during adulthood, typically between 20 and 30 years of age?

Which environmental factor is identified as increasing the risk for developing systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

What is the definition of a strain, according to the text?

What is the term for the excessive curvature of the upper spine, a common clinical manifestation of osteoporosis?

In the United States, at what age is it currently recommended that all individuals assigned female at birth begin having a DEXA scan for osteoporosis screening?

A diagnostic procedure involving the insertion of a needle into a joint space to remove fluid, which is then tested for infection or crystals, is known as what?

Which type of fracture occurs straight across the long axis of the bone?

A surgical procedure to treat severe fractures that involves placing metal pieces like rods, plates, or screws into the bone to help it heal is known as what?

What protein, which is absent or has insufficient function in Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies, is involved in maintaining muscle strength and function?

Which of the following conditions is an autoimmune disorder that results in widespread inflammation and tissue damage and can affect the skin, joints, heart, lungs, kidneys, and brain?

What is the term for the condition that occurs when the fingers become pale when exposed to cold or stress, a possible clinical manifestation of SLE?

A patient with suspected rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has a blood test performed. Which antibody is found in nearly 90 percent of patients with RA?

What is the term for inflammation or irritation of a tendon from overuse?

Females are how many times more likely to be affected by osteoporosis than males?

What is the term for a partial fracture in which only one side of the bone is broken?

In muscular dystrophy, an abnormally curved spine is known as what?

Which soft tissue injury is the result of a direct blow to a body part, causing damage to underlying muscle and tissue without breaking the skin?

A key evaluation outcome for a patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) would include which of the following?

Which of the following is NOT listed as a risk factor for developing osteoarthritis (OA)?

According to the provided text, what is a fasciotomy?

In the context of the 5 P's neurovascular assessment, what does 'pallor' refer to?

What type of muscular dystrophy specifically affects the face, shoulders, and upper arms and often causes symptoms affecting the eyes first?

What is the term for inflammation of the pleural tissue around the lungs, which causes chest pain with respiration and can be a clinical manifestation of SLE?

Which of the following describes the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

Worldwide in 2019, how many new fractures occurred?

An evaluation of nursing care for a patient with a bone fracture would include which of the following signs indicating effective treatment after cast removal?

A surgical procedure for fractures that involves drilling pins into the bone on either side of a fracture and connecting them to an external brace is called what?

According to the text, what is the main function of connective tissue in the musculoskeletal system?

What is the primary difference in the clinical manifestation of joint stiffness between osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?