5. Integumentary System

What percentage of an adult human's body weight is comprised of the skin?

Which layer of the skin is composed of keratinized, stratified squamous epithelium and is avascular?

Thick skin, found on the palms and soles, has a fifth layer that thin skin lacks. What is this additional layer called?

What is the name of the intracellular fibrous protein that provides hardness and water-resistant properties to hair, nails, and skin?

The dermis is composed of two layers. Which layer is the deeper, thicker layer composed of dense, irregular connective tissue?

What is the primary function of the hypodermis?

Which specialized sensory nerve structure, concentrated on the fingertips, is responsible for detecting light touch?

How does the integumentary system respond when body temperature drops?

What form of Vitamin D3 is synthesized in the skin from a derivative of steroid cholesterol when exposed to UV radiation?

What is the name of the smooth muscle connected to each hair root that contracts in response to nerve signals, making the hair shaft 'stand up'?

What is the average rate of hair growth per day?

What is the crescent-shaped region at the base of the nail, formed by a thick layer of epithelium over the nail matrix?

Which type of sweat gland is usually associated with hair follicles in densely hairy areas like armpits and produces sweat that includes organic compounds?

What substance, generated and excreted by sebaceous glands, lubricates the dry layer of keratinized cells and has antibacterial properties?

Which of the following is NOT a change in the integumentary system associated with aging?

Which form of skin cancer is characterized by the uncontrolled growth of melanocytes, is typically the most fatal, and often develops from a mole?

In the ABCDE mnemonic for early melanoma diagnosis, what does 'C' stand for?

What is the genetic disorder that affects the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes due to the inability of melanocytes to produce melanin?

What is the term for the condition where a prolonged reduction in oxygen levels causes the skin to appear blue?

What is the common name for tinea pedis?

A superficial burn that affects only the epidermis, such as a mild sunburn, is classified as what degree of burn?

According to the 'rule of nines' for calculating the size of a burn, what percentage is assigned to the trunk (chest, abdomen, and entire back)?

What is the term for an overproduction of scar tissue that results in a raised scar because the process of collagen formation does not stop when the wound is healed?

Bedsores, also called decubitus ulcers, are caused by what?

A medical doctor with specialized training in treating diseases, disorders, and injuries related to the integumentary system is known as a what?

What is the deepest layer of the epidermis, where cells are mitotically active?

The papillary layer of the dermis contains phagocytes that serve what function?

Approximately how much sweat is secreted per day, even when the body does not appear to be noticeably sweating?

What is the condition called that results from a lack of vitamin D in children, causing misshapen bones?

On average, how many hairs are lost and replaced per day?

What do most commercial antiperspirants use as their primary active ingredient to form a physical block in the sweat gland duct?

Which type of skin cancer is the second most common, affects the keratinocytes of the stratum spinosum, and is more aggressive than basal cell carcinoma?

A yellowing of the skin, or jaundice, can be indicative of disease in which organ system?

Ringworm of the toenails and fingernails, also known as onychomycosis, is referred to by what clinical name?

Which type of burn extends fully into the epidermis and dermis, destroying tissue and affecting nerve endings?

What is a callus?

What is the primary constituent of the dermis that provides structure, tensile strength, and binds water to keep the skin hydrated?

The protection function of the skin includes deterring microbes from over-colonizing the surface by generating which substance with antibiotic properties from sweat glands?

The hair shaft is the part of the hair not anchored to the follicle. What is the part of the hair that lies below the surface of the skin called?

What pigment, produced by melanocytes in the hair papilla, is responsible for hair color?

The nail body is composed of densely packed dead cells of what type?

In what layer of the skin do sebaceous glands, which secrete an oily substance, become more active during puberty due to hormonal stimulation?

A reduced sweating ability in some elderly people can lead to what condition?

In the context of melanoma diagnosis, what is the diameter threshold mentioned in the ABCDE mnemonic that warrants a consultation with a doctor?

What is the condition where melanocytes in certain areas lose their ability to produce melanin, possibly due to an autoimmune reaction, leading to a loss of color in patches?

Acne is a skin disturbance that results from an infection by acne-causing bacteria after what structures become blocked?

Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disorder that results in what characteristic skin presentation?

What is the first step to repairing damaged skin after an injury?

Why are third- and fourth-degree burns often not as painful as second-degree burns?

A stretch mark results when which layer of the skin is stretched beyond its limits of elasticity?