Topic Quiz: Ethical and Professional Standards

50 questions available

Standard V: Investment Analysis, Recommendations, and Actions10 min
Standard V requires members to exercise diligence, independence, and thoroughness in their investment analysis. It mandates having a reasonable basis for any recommendation, supported by appropriate research. Members must distinguish between fact and opinion in communications and disclose the basic format and principles of their investment processes, including limitations and risks. Importantly, record retention is crucial; if no regulatory standard exists, the Code and Standards recommend a seven-year retention period for records supporting investment actions.

Key Points

  • Exercise diligence, independence, and thoroughness.
  • Have a reasonable and adequate basis for recommendations.
  • Distinguish between fact and opinion in client communications.
  • Disclose investment process limitations and risks.
  • Maintain records to support analysis (7-year recommendation if no regulation).
Standard VI: Conflicts of Interest8 min
Standard VI addresses the handling of conflicts of interest to ensure independence and objectivity. Members must make full and fair disclosure of all matters that could impair their judgment to clients, prospects, and employers. This includes beneficial ownership of stock and board service. The Standard also establishes a priority of transactions: client transactions come first, followed by the firm, and then personal transactions. Referral fees must be disclosed to allow clients to evaluate the full cost of service and potential partiality.

Key Points

  • Disclose all potential conflicts prominently and in plain language.
  • Client transactions take priority over personal and firm trades.
  • Personal transactions must not disadvantage clients.
  • Disclose all referral fees and benefits received or paid.
Standard VII: Responsibilities as a CFA Institute Member or CFA Candidate5 min
Standard VII protects the integrity of the CFA Program and designation. It prohibits conduct that compromises the reputation of the exam or the Institute, such as cheating or revealing confidential exam information (specific topics or questions). It also regulates how members refer to their candidacy or designation, forbidding the exaggeration of the meaning or implications of holding the charter. There is no partial designation, and members cannot claim superior performance solely based on the designation.

Key Points

  • Do not compromise the integrity or security of the CFA exam.
  • Do not reveal specific exam questions or tested topics.
  • Do not misrepresent or exaggerate the CFA designation.
  • No partial designation exists; fees and PCS must be current.
Global Investment Performance Standards (GIPS)10 min
GIPS provides a standardized methodology for reporting investment performance to ensure comparability and avoid misrepresentation. Compliance is voluntary but must be firmwide if claimed. A 'firm' is defined as the distinct business entity held out to clients. Composites, which are groups of discretionary portfolios with similar strategies, prevent cherry-picking top performers. Verification is an optional process performed by a third party to attest that the firm has complied with GIPS construction and calculation requirements.

Key Points

  • GIPS compliance is voluntary and must be firmwide.
  • Designed to ensure fair representation and full disclosure.
  • Composites group similar discretionary portfolios to prevent bias.
  • Verification is performed by a third party on the entire firm, not single composites.
Ethics Application: Case Studies15 min
This section applies the Standards to specific scenarios. Examples include the necessity of dissociating from illegal activity (Standard I), the prohibition of guaranteeing returns (Standard I), and the nuances of material nonpublic information (Standard II). It clarifies that acts of civil disobedience may not violate the Misconduct Standard if they don't reflect on professional integrity. It also covers supervisory responsibilities, noting that supervisors must decline responsibility if compliance systems are inadequate.

Key Points

  • Dissociate from illegal activity if it persists.
  • Do not guarantee specific returns on volatile investments.
  • Supervisors must decline roles if compliance procedures are absent.
  • Selective disclosure of nonpublic information is a violation.

Questions

Question 1

According to Standard V(A) Diligence and Reasonable Basis, which of the following is a recommended criterion for a firm to judge the quality of third-party research?

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Question 2

Under Standard V(B) Communication with Clients and Prospective Clients, members must distinguish between which two elements in their investment analyses?

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Question 3

If no regulatory standards or firm policies are in place, what is the minimum record retention period recommended by the Code and Standards?

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Question 4

Regarding Standard VI(A) Disclosure of Conflicts, which of the following is the most common conflict requiring disclosure?

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Question 5

According to Standard VI(B) Priority of Transactions, which transactions take priority?

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Question 6

What is a recommended procedure for firms to address conflicts created by personal investing under Standard VI(B)?

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Question 7

Under Standard VI(C) Referral Fees, to whom must members disclose compensation received for referrals?

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Question 8

Which of the following activities is a violation of Standard VII(A) Conduct as Participants in CFA Institute Programs?

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Question 9

Regarding Standard VII(B) Reference to CFA Institute, which statement is acceptable?

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Question 10

What is the primary purpose of the Global Investment Performance Standards (GIPS)?

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Question 11

For a firm to claim compliance with GIPS, the compliance must be:

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Question 12

In the context of GIPS, what is a 'composite'?

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Question 13

Under GIPS, if a firm chooses to pursue verification, who must perform it?

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Question 14

According to GIPS, can a firm exclude terminated accounts from historical composites?

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Question 15

Standard V(B) states that expectations based on statistical modeling and analysis are:

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Question 16

Which of the following best describes the 'definition of the firm' for GIPS compliance?

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Question 17

Regarding Standard V(C) Record Retention, records supporting investment analyses are the property of:

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Question 18

If a member discovers illegal activity at their firm (e.g., overcharging clients) and the firm refuses to remedy it, what must the member do according to Ethics Application Case 1 for Standard I(A)?

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Question 19

In Ethics Application Case 3 for Standard I(C) Misrepresentation, a CEO posts a joke price of 420 dollars for taking a company private. This is a violation because:

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Question 20

According to Ethics Application Case 1 for Standard II(A), if a member overhears a friend's phone conversation and infers a takeover is imminent, trading on this information is:

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Question 21

Under Standard III(A) Loyalty, Prudence, and Care, can a member 'opt out' of the Standards via a client agreement?

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Question 22

In Ethics Application Case 1 for Standard III(B) Fair Dealing, is it a violation to offer a premium service with weekly updates for an additional fee?

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Question 23

According to Standard IV(C) Responsibilities of Supervisors, if a supervisor knowingly cannot enforce compliance because the firm has no policies, they should:

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Question 24

In Ethics Application Case 1 for Standard V(B), if a firm changes its fee calculation method, when must it inform clients?

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Question 25

Standard VI(A) requires disclosure of board service because:

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Question 26

Under Standard V(A), how should the degree of diligence be determined?

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Question 27

Regarding Standard VI(B), can a member trade for their own account?

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Question 28

Standard VII(A) prohibits candidates from:

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Question 29

In the context of GIPS, what is 'discretion'?

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Question 30

Which of the following is a requirement for maintaining active membership in CFA Institute according to Standard VII(B)?

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Question 31

A member violates Standard I(B) Independence and Objectivity by:

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Question 32

Under Standard V(A), when using quantitative models, members must:

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Question 33

Standard VI(C) Referral Fees requires disclosure of the nature and:

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Question 34

Which of the following acts reflects adversely on professional integrity under Standard I(D) Misconduct?

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Question 35

Standard II(B) Market Manipulation includes:

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Question 36

Under Standard III(E) Preservation of Confidentiality, when can a member share confidential client information?

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Question 37

In Ethics Application Case 3 for Standard IV(A) Loyalty, a member violates the Standard by:

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Question 38

Regarding Standard V(A) Diligence and Reasonable Basis, relying on a third-party's research without any review is:

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Question 39

Under Standard VI(B), family member accounts that are client accounts should be:

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Question 40

GIPS standards for firms consist of how many sections?

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Question 41

Standard IV(B) Additional Compensation Arrangements requires members to:

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Question 42

When using a 'composite' for GIPS reporting, a firm must include:

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Question 43

Standard V(B) requires members to communicate significant changes in:

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Question 44

In Ethics Application Case 1 for Standard VI(C), a member invites clients who referred accounts to lavish parties. This is a violation because:

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Question 45

A member who changes firms must re-create analysis documentation at the new firm using:

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Question 46

Standard V(A) states that the level of research needed to satisfy due diligence will:

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Question 47

According to GIPS, who states that they 'endorse' GIPS but cannot claim compliance?

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Question 48

Standard VI(B) suggests that with respect to personal trades, members must not:

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Question 49

Under Standard VII(A), members who volunteer in the CFA Program may not:

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Question 50

If a member fails to pay CFA Institute membership dues annually, they:

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