Analyzing Statements of Cash Flows II

50 questions available

Evaluating Sources and Uses of Cash5 min
Cash flows are classified into three main categories. Cash Flow from Operating activities (CFO) includes inflows and outflows from normal business operations, such as cash paid to creditors or collected from debtors. Cash Flow from Investing activities (CFI) involves the acquisition or disposal of long-term assets, such as Property, Plant, and Equipment (PPE). Cash Flow from Financing activities (CFF) pertains to transactions affecting the firm's capital structure, like issuing shares or paying dividends. Additionally, common-size cash flow statements allow for time-series and cross-sectional analysis by expressing items as a percentage of revenue or total inflows/outflows.

Key Points

  • CFO: Normal business operations (e.g., cash from customers).
  • CFI: Long-term asset transactions (e.g., buying PPE).
  • CFF: Capital structure changes (e.g., dividends, share issuance).
  • Common-size analysis uses % of revenue or % of total inflows/outflows.
Free Cash Flow Measures7 min
Free Cash Flow to the Firm (FCFF) is the cash available to all investors, including equity owners and debtholders. It is calculated as Net Income plus non-cash charges plus after-tax interest, minus fixed and working capital investments. Alternatively, it can be derived from CFO. Free Cash Flow to Equity (FCFE) is the cash available only to equity owners. It is calculated by taking CFO, subtracting fixed capital investment, and adding net borrowing. FCFE can also be derived from FCFF by adjusting for interest and net borrowing.

Key Points

  • FCFF = NI + NCC + Int(1-t) - Fixed Capital Inv - Working Capital Inv.
  • FCFF = CFO + Int(1-t) - Fixed Capital Inv.
  • FCFE = CFO - Fixed Capital Inv + Net Borrowing.
  • FCFE represents cash available to equity holders only.
Cash Flow Ratios6 min
Ratios are categorized into Performance ratios and Coverage ratios. Performance ratios evaluate efficiency and return, such as Cash Return on Assets (CFO/Avg Assets) and Cash Flow per Share (CFPS). Coverage ratios assess solvency, such as Debt Coverage (CFO/Total Debt) and Interest Coverage, which measures the ability to pay interest expenses from operating cash flow plus interest and taxes paid.

Key Points

  • Performance Ratios include Cash to Revenue and Cash Return on Equity.
  • CFPS subtracts preferred dividends from CFO before dividing by shares.
  • Coverage Ratios include Interest Coverage and Dividend Payment ratios.
  • Interest Coverage = (CFO + Interest Paid + Taxes Paid) / Interest Paid.

Questions

Question 1

Which of the following best describes Cash Flow from Operating activities (CFO)?

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Question 2

Acquisition of Property, Plant, and Equipment (PPE) is classified under which cash flow category?

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Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a Cash Flow from Financing activity?

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Question 4

When performing a common-size analysis of the cash flow statement, each item is typically expressed as a percentage of which line item?

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Question 5

Free Cash Flow to the Firm (FCFF) represents cash available to:

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Question 6

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating FCFF starting from Net Income?

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Question 7

In the calculation of FCFF starting from CFO, how is interest expense treated?

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Question 8

Which of the following defines Free Cash Flow to Equity (FCFE)?

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Question 9

What is the formula for FCFE starting from CFO?

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Question 10

Calculate FCFF given: Net Income = 500, Non-cash charges = 100, Interest Expense = 50, Tax Rate = 30%, Fixed Capital Investment = 200, Working Capital Investment = 50.

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Question 11

Calculate FCFE given: CFO = 1000, Fixed Capital Investment = 400, Net Borrowing = 100.

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Question 12

Which ratio is calculated as CFO divided by Net Revenue?

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Question 13

The Cash Return on Assets ratio is defined as:

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Question 14

In the Cash Flow per Share (CFPS) calculation, what must be subtracted from CFO in the numerator?

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Question 15

Which coverage ratio is calculated as CFO divided by Total Debt?

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Question 16

The Interest Coverage ratio using cash flows is calculated as:

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Question 17

The Reinvestment Ratio is defined as CFO divided by:

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Question 18

If a company has a Dividend Payment ratio of 2.5, this implies:

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Question 19

In a common-size cash flow statement where inflows are expressed as a percentage of total inflows, what does a high percentage for 'Cash from Customers' indicate?

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Question 20

Calculate the Debt Payment Ratio given: CFO = 500, Dividend Paid = 50, Long-term Debt Repayment = 200.

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Question 21

Which ratio measures the firm's ability to satisfy short-term obligations?

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Question 22

What is the primary difference between FCFF and FCFE regarding interest?

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Question 23

Calculate Net Borrowing for FCFE if the firm issued 500 in new debt and repaid 200 in old debt.

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Question 24

Which cash flow category includes the payment of dividends to shareholders?

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Question 25

The 'Investing and financing' ratio is calculated as CFO divided by:

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Question 26

If a firm sells a building, the proceeds are recorded in:

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Question 27

Calculate Cash Flow per Share if CFO is 1,000,000, Preferred Dividends are 200,000, and Weighted Average Common Shares are 100,000.

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Question 28

Which of the following is considered a 'Non-cash charge' (NCC) added back to Net Income for FCFF calculation?

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Question 29

Which ratio indicates the percentage of operating cash flow available for capital expenditures?

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Question 30

If CFO is 200, Interest Paid is 20, Taxes Paid is 30, what is the Interest Coverage ratio?

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Question 31

Cash to Income ratio is defined as:

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Question 32

The calculation of FCFE starting from FCFF is:

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Question 33

Why is 'Interest x (1 - t)' added back to Net Income when calculating FCFF?

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Question 34

In a common-size cash flow statement, if 'Cash paid to suppliers' is (40 percent), this usually represents percentage of:

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Question 35

Which activity would include the 'proceeds from issuing shares'?

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Question 36

Calculate Cash Return on Equity given: CFO = 300, Beginning Equity = 900, Ending Equity = 1100.

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Question 37

A 'Cash flow to revenue' ratio of 0.15 means:

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Question 38

Under 'Investing activities', which of the following is an outflow?

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Question 39

What does a high Dividend Payment ratio indicate if it exceeds 1.0 significantly?

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Question 40

Cash collected from customers is classified as:

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Question 41

Which of the following is NOT a Performance Ratio listed in the text?

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Question 42

Calculate the 'Reinvestment Ratio' if CFO is 1000 and cash paid for long-term assets is 250.

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Question 43

Net Borrowing in the FCFE formula refers to:

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Question 44

If a company has high 'Cash to Income' ratio (greater than 1), it generally suggests:

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Question 45

Which component is subtracted when calculating FCFF from CFO?

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Question 46

In a common-size analysis, expressing 'Cash paid to suppliers' as a percentage of 'Total Outflows' allows an analyst to:

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Question 47

Working Capital Investment in the FCFF calculation refers to:

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Question 48

If Net Income is 100 and CFO is 150, what is the most likely reason for the difference?

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Question 49

Which ratio uses 'Average Assets' in the denominator?

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Question 50

What is the numerator for the 'Debt coverage' ratio?

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