Introduction to Financial Statement Analysis
50 questions available
Key Points
- Financial reporting provides information; analysis supports decisions.
- Balance Sheet: Point in time; Assets = Liabilities + Equity.
- Income Statement: Performance over a period (Revenues - Expenses).
- Cash Flow Statement: Operating, Investing, and Financing activities.
- Statement of Changes in Equity reports owner investment changes.
Key Points
- Notes disclose accounting methods and estimates.
- MD&A discusses trends, liquidity, and business overview.
- Unqualified opinion: Statements are free from material errors (Clean).
- Adverse opinion: Statements are not presented fairly.
- Management is responsible for internal controls, not the auditor.
Key Points
- Form 10-K: Annual audited report.
- Form 10-Q: Quarterly report.
- Form 8-K: Significant events (acquisitions, disposals).
- Proxy Statements: Management compensation and shareholder votes.
- Analysis Framework has 6 steps, starting with 'State the objective' and ending with 'Update the analysis'.
Questions
What is the primary role of financial reporting?
View answer and explanationWhich financial statement reports a company's financial position at a specific point in time?
View answer and explanationThe fundamental accounting equation is best expressed as:
View answer and explanationWhich statement reports all changes in equity owners' investment in the firm over a period of time?
View answer and explanationCash flows resulting from the acquisition or sale of a firm's assets are classified as:
View answer and explanationInformation about accounting methods, estimates, and assumptions is primarily disclosed in the:
View answer and explanationWhich document contains management's discussion and analysis (MD&A) of business trends and liquidity?
View answer and explanationAn independent review of an entity's financial statements is best described as:
View answer and explanationWhich type of audit opinion is issued when financial statements are considered free from material omissions and errors?
View answer and explanationIf a company's financial statements materially deviate from accounting standards, the auditor is most likely to issue a(n):
View answer and explanationWho is responsible for maintaining an effective internal control system?
View answer and explanationWhich SEC form is used for the filing of annual financial statements?
View answer and explanationA company typically files a Form 8-K when:
View answer and explanationInformation about matters requiring a shareholder vote is typically found in:
View answer and explanationWhat is the first step in the financial statement analysis framework?
View answer and explanationIn the financial statement analysis framework, 'Analyze and interpret the data' is which step?
View answer and explanationWhich financial statement reports inflows and outflows from the issuance of debt?
View answer and explanationWhich of the following is considered a component of equity?
View answer and explanationComprehensive income includes all changes in equity EXCEPT those arising from:
View answer and explanationWhat is the final step in the financial statement analysis framework?
View answer and explanationRevenues are best described as:
View answer and explanationWhich audit opinion indicates the auditor was unable to express an opinion?
View answer and explanationWhich of the following is classified as an Investing Cash Flow?
View answer and explanationUnder US GAAP, firms can report comprehensive income in which document?
View answer and explanationWhich document is considered a quarterly financial report?
View answer and explanationEarnings guidance is typically found in:
View answer and explanationThe phrase 'resources controlled by the firm' defines:
View answer and explanationExpenses are defined as:
View answer and explanationWhich section of the annual report typically discusses risks and future outlook?
View answer and explanationWhich of the following is NOT one of the six steps in the Financial Statement Analysis Framework?
View answer and explanationA 'Qualified Opinion' from an auditor implies:
View answer and explanationIf a company changes its management significantly, it must file which form with the SEC?
View answer and explanationThe Income Statement is also known as:
View answer and explanationWhich equation correctly represents the Balance Sheet?
View answer and explanationIn the context of Step 3 of the analysis framework ('Process the data'), which activity is most likely?
View answer and explanationOther income typically refers to:
View answer and explanationWhich statement best describes the 'Cash Flow from Operating Activities'?
View answer and explanationWhich of the following is an example of an external source of information?
View answer and explanationAmounts owed to lenders and other creditors are reported on the Balance Sheet as:
View answer and explanationIf an auditor confirms assets and liabilities but finds the statements are not presented fairly, they issue an:
View answer and explanationStep 2 of the financial statement analysis framework is:
View answer and explanationWhich statement includes 'Net Income' + 'Other Comprehensive Income'?
View answer and explanationAnalyst recommendations are reported in which step of the analysis framework?
View answer and explanationWhich of the following items is found in the 'Notes' to the financial statements?
View answer and explanationWhich document reports the company's cash receipts and payments?
View answer and explanationThe independent review of financial statements is conducted by:
View answer and explanationWhich filing covers 'corporate governance' issues?
View answer and explanationAnalyst's sources of information include:
View answer and explanationIn the analysis framework, 'State the objective' includes:
View answer and explanationThe relationship 'Assets = Liabilities + Equity' applies to which financial statement?
View answer and explanation