The Courts

According to the U.S. Constitution, Article III, the Supreme Court has original jurisdiction in cases of disputes between states or between the United States and which other parties?

What is the term for the power of the courts to review actions taken by other branches of government and the states to determine if they are constitutional?

The landmark 1803 Supreme Court case that established the power of judicial review was:

Approximately what percentage of all court cases in the U.S. system are heard at the state level?

Which of the following case types is exclusively handled by federal courts?

What is the minimum monetary damage claim for a federal court to hear a 'diversity of citizenship' case?

How many U.S. district courts are there in the fifty states and U.S. territories?

The principle that today’s court decisions are based largely on rulings from the past is known as:

How are federal judges, including Supreme Court justices, selected?

How many justices currently serve on the U.S. Supreme Court?

What is the 'Rule of Four' in the context of the Supreme Court?

The lawyer who represents the federal government before the Supreme Court and decides which cases to appeal from lower courts is known as the:

What is an amicus curiae brief?

A justice who agrees with the majority's final decision in a case but for different legal reasons may write what type of opinion?

The judicial philosophy that leads a justice to defer decisions and policymaking to the elected branches of government is known as:

What is judicial implementation?

In what year did the Supreme Court get its own building?

Which constitutional amendment was passed to overturn the Supreme Court's decision in Chisholm v. Georgia?

A case involving a violation of the U.S. Constitution or federal law is referred to as involving a:

The intermediate appellate courts of the federal system are the:

How many total U.S. courts of appeals, or circuit courts, are there?

The unwritten custom by which a president consults with a state's U.S. senators before nominating a person to a federal vacancy in that state is known as:

In the case of a tied vote in the Supreme Court, what is the outcome?

A judicial philosophy where a justice is more likely to use their power to broaden personal liberty and equality and to stop actions by other branches of government is called:

What significant check does Congress have over the judiciary?

The first session of the first U.S. Congress established the framework for the federal judicial system in what act?

Criminal law deals with conduct that is prohibited because it can harm others, whereas civil law cases involve:

In the case of Miranda v. Arizona, the Supreme Court's ruling was based on the violation of which two constitutional amendments?

What is the term of office for all judges and justices in the national courts?

In the Supreme Court's decision-making process, who speaks first when they discuss a case in conference?

In the 1986 case of Bowers v. Hardwick, the Supreme Court upheld Georgia's ban on sodomy. In 2003, it reversed this decision in which case?

President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s 1937 proposal to add up to six additional justices to the Supreme Court is commonly known as:

How many circuit court justices typically oversee a case?

According to Federalist No. 78, Alexander Hamilton believed the judiciary would be the 'least dangerous' branch because it lacked influence over what?

What type of cases did the Supreme Court rule on in Burwell v. Hobby Lobby and King v. Burwell?

The Supreme Court typically accepts what percentage of the cases it is asked to review each year?

In a case name, such as Roe v. Wade, the first-named party is the:

Who was the first female Supreme Court Justice, nominated in 1981?

Which of these is NOT one of the responsibilities of a Supreme Court law clerk as described in the textbook?

The Supreme Court’s annual session begins on the first Monday in which month?

In the case concerning the Affordable Care Act, National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius, the Supreme Court upheld the individual mandate based on what power of Congress?

Who was the first African American appointed to the Supreme Court?

During oral arguments before the Supreme Court, how much time is each side's lawyers typically given to make their legal case?

In what year did the Supreme Court’s decision in Plessy v. Ferguson bring about the doctrine of 'separate but equal'?

Which of these Supreme Court justices is often referred to as the 'swing vote' on the modern court?

Who was the first chief justice of the Supreme Court?

The Supreme Court's decision in Glossip v. Gross (2015) concerned which of the following issues?

President Andrew Jackson famously ignored a Supreme Court ruling in which case regarding Native American lands?

What are the three tiers of the federal court system, from lowest to highest?

Which court case discussed in the chapter established that poor criminal defendants must be provided an attorney?