Social Learning and Social Cognition

What is the primary function of the prefrontal cortex in the context of social knowledge?

What is the process of accommodation in the context of schema development?

In the study by Ross, Lepper, and Hubbard (1975), high school students were given false feedback on their ability to identify real suicide notes. What did the results demonstrate about the confirmation bias?

What is a self-fulfilling prophecy?

According to the research by Bodenhausen (1990), when are people more likely to use stereotypes in their judgments?

In the experiment by John Bargh and his colleagues (1996), participants who unscrambled sentences with words related to the elderly stereotype subsequently walked more slowly. This phenomenon is an example of what concept?

What is the representativeness heuristic?

What is the availability heuristic?

In the study by Schwarz et al. (1991), participants who were asked to list 6 examples of assertive behavior rated themselves as more assertive than participants who were asked to list 12 examples. This finding demonstrates which concept?

What is counterfactual thinking?

According to the study by Medvec, Madey, and Gilovich (1995), why were Olympic bronze medalists, on average, happier than silver medalists?

In Tversky and Kahneman's (1974) multiplication study, what was the estimated answer for the problem 8 x 7 x 6 x 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1?

What is a major limitation of experimental research designs, despite their advantage in determining causation?

In the study by Loftus and Palmer (1974), participants watched a film of a traffic accident and then answered a question about the speed of the cars. Which word in the question led to the highest average speed estimate?

What is the primary reason that eyewitness testimony can be inaccurate, according to the chapter?

According to the text, what is operant learning?

In Albert Bandura's observational learning study, what was a key finding regarding the children who observed a model being rewarded for aggressive behavior toward a bobo doll?

What is the primary difference between automatic cognition and controlled cognition?

According to the text, what is the single greatest cause of wrongful convictions, as shown by DNA exonerations?

What is the false consensus bias?

What is the problem of anchoring and adjustment?

What does research by Kruger and Dunning (1999) suggest about poor performers?

According to the text, what percentage of people exonerated by DNA tests were victims of mistaken eyewitness identification?

What is meant by the term 'salience' in social judgment?

What is the primary characteristic of associational learning?

In Lewicki's (1985) experiment, students had a brief interaction with a female experimenter who responded negatively or neutrally. How did this affect their choice of whom to approach in a second room?

What is the process of assimilation in the context of schema development?

In Peter Wason's (1960) study where students had to determine the rule for the number sequence 2-4-6, what common error did they make?

What did the research by Darley and Gross (1983) on a girl named Hannah demonstrate about schemas and memory?

What is the main idea behind the concept of 'schemas as energy savers'?

Cognitive accessibility refers to what phenomenon?

What is the 'weapon focus' effect in eyewitness testimony?

What are cognitive heuristics?

In the experiment about associational learning by Gorn (1982), what influenced participants' choice of a free pen?

What is the 'own-race bias' in eyewitness identification?

How does the text distinguish between operant learning and observational learning?

Which of the following is an example of the overconfidence tendency described in the chapter?

What did the research by Stangor and Duan (1991) find about the conditions under which people are more likely to develop and use stereotypes (schemas)?

When are fear appeals in advertising most effective?

What did Bargh, Chen, and Borroughs (1996) find about the participants who were primed with words related to the elderly stereotype?

When considering the puzzle of whether it is more likely for a hospital to record a birth sequence of G-G-G-G or B-G-B-G (where G=girl, B=boy), why do most people incorrectly think the second sequence is more likely?

What is the key difference between how thought-based and feeling-based (affective) advertisements are processed?

What is the sleeper effect in persuasion?

According to the study by Petty, Cacioppo, and Goldman (1981), under what condition were students most influenced by the quality of the arguments about a new comprehensive exam?

What is psychological reactance?

What is the goal of the persuasion resistance technique known as inoculation?

In the Karremans, Stroebe, and Claus (2006) study on subliminal advertising, under what condition did the subliminal priming of 'Lipton Ice' significantly increase participants' intention to drink it?

What is the foot-in-the-door technique?

In the Freedman and Fraser (1966) study, what percentage of homeowners who first agreed to put a small 'Be a safe driver' sticker in their window later agreed to put a large, ugly 'DRIVE CAREFULLY' sign on their lawn?

Which of the following defines the low-ball technique?