Media, Technology, and Communication

What period is identified as the 'audiovisual age', which spanned the years marking the technological advances for radio and television?

According to the text, what was the total number of individual books printed in Europe during the 1600s?

Which of the following is NOT one of the four gatekeeping functions of the mass media as described in the text?

What is the 'third-party effect' phenomenon in media studies?

According to cultivation theory, what is the 'mean world syndrome'?

What does the term 'media convergence' refer to?

In what year did the Telecommunications Act eliminate the maximum number of stations one entity could own, provided they did not reach more than 35 percent of the national market?

According to research based on cultivation theory, what percentage of people working in the United States have blue-collar or service-industry jobs, compared to their representation on television?

Who is credited with inventing the hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) and hypertext markup language (HTML), making the Internet functional for the masses?

What does the term 'media literacy' involve?

What early theory of mass communication suggested that a sender constructed a message with a particular meaning that was 'injected' or 'shot' into individuals?

In what year was the first daily newspaper published in the United States?

Which of the following is NOT listed as one of the general functions of mass media?

What was the 'Fairness Doctrine', established in 1949?

In what year was the Associated Press formed, allowing several New York City papers to share incoming news information?

The interpretation function of media is described as outlets interpreting messages in more or less explicit ways. Which of the following is NOT given as an example of this function?

What is the 'reciprocal effect' of media?

What technological development in the mid-1980s allowed for the transmission of large amounts of information, including video and sound, using lasers and light pulses?

What term refers to the domination of other countries through exported media and the values and ideologies they contain?

A study of minority characters on prime-time television between 2001 and 2008 found that Latina/os made up what percentage of characters, despite being what percentage of the population?

What was the 'manuscript age'?

Which of the five major divisions of book publishing generated the most revenue in 2009 according to the Census data cited?

The practice of 'yellow journalism' in the late 1800s involved which of the following?

What was the primary contribution of Lee de Forest to the development of radio, earning him the title 'father of radio'?

During television's 'golden age,' from the mid-1950s to the 1980s, what percentage of prime-time viewership did the three main networks (NBC, CBS, and ABC) account for?

What is the 'boomerang effect' in media studies?

According to the 'Timeline of Changes Made by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC),' what was the national ownership limit for stations between 1954 and 1984?

One of the core principles of media literacy is that all media messages are constructed. What example is given to illustrate this, even for 'objective' news stories?

Which station is often credited as signaling the beginning of the age of commercial broadcast radio after receiving financial backing from Westinghouse in 1920?

What is the defining characteristic of the media role described as a 'lapdog'?

What does the concept of 'deregulation' in the context of mass communication refer to?

In the evolution of media, what did the Postal Act of 1879 do for magazines?

What was the first mass medium to combine audio and visual electronic communication?

In the context of situational influences on decision making, the text describes a group having to go through multiple approval processes as a lack of which situational element?

In 1998, which online site gained national attention for breaking a story about Newsweek delaying a story on President Clinton, marking a rise in Internet-based news gathering?

According to cultivation theory research, heavy viewers predict their odds of being a victim of violence in the next week are 1 in 10. What do light viewers predict, and what is the real statistical estimate?

What is one of the main disadvantages of culturally heterogeneous groups, as mentioned in the text?

What does the term 'cultural hybridity' describe in the context of global media?

What early theory of mass communication is considered the basis for the transmission model of communication?

When did the 'Internet and digital media age' begin?

In what year did e-books first become the number one format for adult fiction and young adult titles, surpassing print?

What is the role of an 'attack dog' in the context of media and politics?

In what year did the FCC adopt standards for television transmissions that helped commercialize and turn television into a mass medium?

What term is used to describe the relaying gatekeeping function when a blogger takes a story from a traditional source and adds fact-checking or additional interviews?

What was the result of the FCC increasing the maximum audience reach to 45 percent in 2003?

What is the primary reason given for why exported media content, such as from the U.S., tends to be dramatized programs rather than humor?

What does the bonding function of the mass media involve?

During the late 1970s and into the 1980s, a view of media effects as 'negotiated' emerged. What does this view propose?

What is the primary difference between analogue media and digital media as described in the text?

According to the Global Media Monitoring Project's study of online news sources, what percentage of stories were reported by women?