LECTURE FOUR

In the beginning of Lecture Four, what misunderstanding from his previous lecture does Adorno seek to correct regarding his conception of sociology and praxis?

According to Adorno, why can't the concept of 'society' be defined in the same way as a legal term?

How does Adorno respond to Herr Schelsky's critique that one cannot subsume different types of societies (e.g., capitalist, Soviet) under a single concept of 'society'?

What does Adorno identify as the fundamental precondition that truly makes modern society a social entity, distinguishing it from looser, archaic forms?

In responding to Hans Albert's critique that his concept of society is just a 'trivial observation that everything is connected to everything else', where does Adorno locate the principle of abstraction?

What thinker does Adorno quote to support his argument that concepts with a history cannot be simply defined?

Adorno mentions that the Swiss sociologist Bluntschli described the concept of 'society' as what?

What is the 'decisive difference' Adorno identifies between a positivist and a dialectical theory of society?

According to Adorno's analysis in Lecture Four, the universal practice of exchange disregards which of the following?

How does Adorno counter the positivist argument that 'society' is not a tangible, given entity that one can point to?

What does Adorno suggest is the ultimate intention of Karl Marx in his work 'Capital'?

Adorno characterizes his own concept of society as a 'functional concept'. What does he mean by this?

Which historical sociologist is cited by Adorno for introducing the concept of 'socialization'?

What does Adorno identify as the hidden reality behind the reduction of people to 'agents and media of commodity exchange'?

Who does Adorno cite as an example of a thinker who described 'peaceable savages' in archaic societies?

What date is listed for LECTURE FOUR?

Adorno states that a dialectical conception of sociology, far from being quietistic, requires what for a 'vigorous praxis'?

What is the key characteristic of 'society in the stronger sense' that distinguishes it from archaic forms like 'gatherer societies'?

In Adorno's view, how does a critical theory of society relate to the principle of exchange?

The lecture mentions that the abstraction in the exchange process reduces specific objects to a 'universal unit'. What is this unit?

How does Adorno characterize Bertolt Brecht's view on understanding the essence of a conglomerate like Krupp?

What does Adorno believe is the relationship between his social theory and so-called 'reformism'?

Adorno argues that the concept of 'society' as a bourgeois term, a 'concept of the third estate', implies what about its individual elements?

What does Adorno claim is the consequence of the unfolding of the exchange process for society itself?

How is the functional concept of society knowable, according to the final paragraph of Lecture Four?

Which sociologist's critique of the singular concept of 'society' does Adorno address by highlighting the existence of various societal types like capitalist, Soviet, and Third World?

What kind of importance does Adorno say even the 'most pitiful interventions' or reforms can have in the present social structure?

Adorno argues that society as a functional concept is the 'inner connection' holding society together. Which thinker does he credit for this term?

What historical period does Adorno associate with the emergence of 'society in the strong sense'?

What is the primary flaw Adorno sees in the positivist criterion for what constitutes a 'significant datum' when applied to sociology?

Adorno argues that in post-capitalist societies, the relationship of exchange has what status?

What is the relationship between the concepts of 'praxis' and 'quietism' as discussed at the start of Lecture Four?

According to Adorno, what is the 'hinge' connecting the conception of a critical theory of society to the construction of the concept of society as a totality?

What does Adorno argue about the concepts of 'hunter or gatherer society' and 'society' in the modern sense?

Adorno claims that the transition to social criticism coincides with what perception?

Who does Adorno identify as the positivist sociologist who has most energetically argued against the dialectical theory of society in recent years?

What does Adorno state is the primary element that is socially preformed to a great extent, even beyond naive imagining?

When Adorno discusses the two parties in an exchange of equivalents, what must they 'leave aside'?

What is Adorno's final statement of gratitude in Lecture Four?

Which of these is NOT a characteristic Adorno attributes to archaic societies like the 'gatherer society'?

Adorno states that the 'socialization' that defines modern society does NOT apply in the same manner to which types of societies?

What is the reason Adorno gives for why a person branded with 'quietism' would shrink back from analyzing the existing social structure?

The lecture states that na-ive consciousness accepts media such as money as the self-evident form of what?

What does Adorno claim is the 'central importance' of history for sociology?

In Lecture Four, Adorno states that the terms for classifying different societies, such as those used in ethnology, really refer to what?

What is the inherent danger Adorno sees in a praxis of 'total society' if it does not analyze structural relationships?

In the context of the state-capitalist and socialist forms of society, what feature does Adorno say has been maintained from the earlier bourgeois model?

What does Adorno argue is the consequence of his view that society is a functional concept defined by exchange?

What does Adorno say happens when one tries to exchange two objects in terms of equivalents?

What friendship does Adorno mention as a possible reason for Brecht's sympathy for positivism?