Reading 36: Overview of Equity Securities
50 questions available
Key Points
- Common shareholders have a residual claim on assets and voting rights.
- Statutory voting gives one vote per share per board seat; cumulative voting allows pooling votes for a single candidate.
- Preferred stock typically has fixed dividends and priority over common stock.
- Cumulative preferred shares require missed dividends to be paid before common dividends.
- Participating preferred shares allow investors to receive extra dividends if profits exceed a certain level.
- Convertible preferred shares can be exchanged for common stock, offering upside potential.
Key Points
- Private equity is less liquid and has lower reporting requirements than public equity.
- Venture capital funds early-stage growth; LBOs use debt to buy established firms.
- Depository Receipts (DRs) allow trading foreign shares on local exchanges.
- GDRs trade outside the US and issuer's home market; ADRs trade in the US.
- Sponsored DRs involve the issuer and provide voting rights; unsponsored do not.
Key Points
- Equity returns include price changes, dividends, and currency gains/losses.
- Putable shares are less risky (lower dividend yield); callable shares are more risky (higher dividend yield).
- Book value of equity is assets minus liabilities; market value reflects future expectations.
- Return on Equity (ROE) measures management efficiency (Net Income / Average Equity).
- Cost of equity is the minimum return required by investors for the risk borne.
Questions
Which of the following best describes the claim of common shareholders on a company's assets?
View answer and explanationUnder statutory voting, a shareholder with 100 shares participating in an election for three board directors can cast a maximum of how many votes for a single candidate?
View answer and explanationWhich voting system is most likely to allow a minority shareholder to secure representation on the board of directors?
View answer and explanationPreferred stock is considered a hybrid security because it shares characteristics with both:
View answer and explanationWhich type of preferred share requires the issuer to pay any omitted dividends from previous periods before paying dividends to common shareholders?
View answer and explanationParticipating preference shares distinguish themselves from non-participating shares by offering shareholders the potential to:
View answer and explanationWhich of the following is a key advantage of convertible preference shares for an investor?
View answer and explanationWhich characteristic is most likely associated with private equity compared to public equity?
View answer and explanationCapital provided to firms early in their life cycles to fund development and growth is best described as:
View answer and explanationIn a leveraged buyout (LBO), the acquirer typically:
View answer and explanationA PIPE transaction allows a public firm to:
View answer and explanationWhen investing directly in foreign securities, an investor is most likely to face which of the following obstacles?
View answer and explanationA security that trades in a local market but represents ownership in a foreign firm is known as a:
View answer and explanationWhich type of depository receipt generally provides the investor with voting rights?
View answer and explanationGlobal Depository Receipts (GDRs) are most commonly issued:
View answer and explanationAmerican Depository Receipts (ADRs) are denominated in:
View answer and explanationWhich level of American Depository Receipt allows a firm to raise capital in the United States?
View answer and explanationA key characteristic of Rule 144A ADRs is that they:
View answer and explanationGlobal Registered Shares (GRS) differ from Depository Receipts in that GRS:
View answer and explanationA Basket of Listed Depository Receipts (BLDR) is best described as:
View answer and explanationThe total return on an equity investment in a foreign currency includes dividends, price changes, and:
View answer and explanationComparing preferred stock to common stock, preferred stock generally has:
View answer and explanationWhich feature would likely result in the highest dividend yield for a preferred share, all else equal?
View answer and explanationCumulative preferred shares are considered less risky than non-cumulative preferred shares because:
View answer and explanationFrom a firm's perspective, issuing equity securities is useful for:
View answer and explanationThe book value of equity is calculated as:
View answer and explanationThe market value of equity reflects:
View answer and explanationA company has net income of 50 million and average book value of equity of 250 million. Its Return on Equity (ROE) is:
View answer and explanationA price-to-book ratio greater than 1.0 typically indicates that:
View answer and explanationA firm's cost of equity is best interpreted as:
View answer and explanationIf a shareholder holds 100 shares and there are 4 director seats open, how many votes can they cast for a single candidate under statutory voting?
View answer and explanationIf a shareholder holds 200 shares and there are 3 director seats open, how many votes can they cast for a single candidate under cumulative voting?
View answer and explanationIn the event of liquidation, holders of non-participating preference shares typically have a claim equal to:
View answer and explanationMezzanine financing is a stage associated with which type of private equity investment?
View answer and explanationA management buyout (MBO) is a specific type of:
View answer and explanationHow is the share price of private equity typically determined?
View answer and explanationGlobal financial markets are considered integrated when:
View answer and explanationStudies suggest that reducing capital barriers in a country typically leads to:
View answer and explanationThe underlying security on which an American Depository Receipt (ADR) is based is called the:
View answer and explanationA Japanese investor holding Euro-denominated shares will realize greater Yen-based returns if:
View answer and explanationHistorically, long-term real returns on equity investments have been:
View answer and explanationThe risk of equity securities is most commonly measured by:
View answer and explanationCompared to non-putable preferred shares, putable preferred shares usually exhibit:
View answer and explanationCompared to non-callable preferred shares, callable preferred shares usually exhibit:
View answer and explanationPublicly traded equity securities provide a firm with 'currency' that can be used to:
View answer and explanationAn increase in a firm's retained earnings will directly increase its:
View answer and explanationThe difference between the market value of equity and the book value of equity usually reflects:
View answer and explanationA firm has beginning equity of 200, ending equity of 220, and net income of 42. Using the average equity method, the ROE is:
View answer and explanationWhen a firm issues debt to repurchase equity, the immediate effect is typically to:
View answer and explanationIf an investor estimates that a stock's expected return exceeds their minimum required rate of return, the stock is considered:
View answer and explanation