Standardized and other formal assessments

What is the primary function of a criterion-referenced standardized test?

What is the key characteristic of a norm-referenced standardized test?

If a student scores in the seventy-second percentile on a norm-referenced reading test, what does this indicate?

What is considered a primary reason for the increased use of criterion-based tests in schools under standards-based accountability and NCLB?

According to the text's example, what is a key difference in the information provided by a norm-referenced versus a criterion-referenced math test for a student named Alisha?

What is an example of a high-stakes consequence of a standardized test for a student?

According to the text, which of the following is NOT listed as a potential reason for a student to perform lower on a standardized assessment than on classroom assessments?

In New York State, what happens if a home-schooled student scores below the thirty-third percentile on a required standardized test?

The diagnosis of learning disabilities typically involves the administration of at least what two types of standardized tests?

What is a key characteristic of aptitude tests that distinguishes them from achievement tests?

Though they are sometimes classified as achievement tests, why are the SAT Subject Tests also considered aptitude tests?

What is the main reason for the shift in terminology from 'Intelligence Tests' to terms like 'learning ability tests' or 'cognitive ability tests'?

What are the three types of tests that comprise the PRAXIS series, which is commonly used for teacher licensure?

How are diagnostic tests, used to identify strengths and weaknesses in skills like reading, often administered?

Under the NCLB mandate, by 2005-2006, all states were required to test students in reading and mathematics annually in which grade spans?

Which of the following is given as an example of a 'broad standard' in reading that is difficult for teachers to use for preparing students?

According to the text, what is a primary problem that arises when a state has too many content standards for each subject area and grade level?

According to a 2006 study by the American Federation of Teachers, how many states were judged to meet all three criteria of strong content standards, aligned tests, and transparency through online documents?

What is the primary problem for teachers and students when high-stakes tests only sample a subset of numerous content standards each year?

Under NCLB, states must specify what three levels of achievement for each grade level in each content area?

In the hypothetical illustration of Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP), why are initially lower-performing schools like School A more likely to fail to make AYP in the early years?

In addition to overall student percentages, what other requirement must a school meet to achieve Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) in a process called desegregation?

To prevent schools from artificially inflating scores by having low-performing students miss the exam, what is the minimum average percentage of any subgroup that must take the exams each year for a school to make AYP?

If a school fails to make AYP for three consecutive years, what sanction must be implemented?

What is the primary conceptual difference between a 'proficiency model' like the original AYP system and a 'growth or value-added model' of assessment?

What did the 2003 comparison of fourth-grade reading/language arts proficiency rates in Colorado and Missouri demonstrate about state standards?

What is the primary purpose of the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP)?

A national survey of teachers found that high-stakes tests had the greatest impact on the daily or weekly teaching of which group?

What is the term for a listing of the number of students who obtained each score on a test?

In the context of central tendency, what is the 'mode' of a distribution of scores?

Why is the median often considered a more useful measure of central tendency for teachers than the mean when a distribution contains a few extreme scores (outliers)?

What does the standard deviation of a set of test scores represent?

In any normal distribution, what percentage of scores falls between the mean and one standard deviation below the mean?

In the example of an IQ test with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15, 68 percent of scores fall between what two values?

What is a z-score?

A T-score of 70 is equivalent to what z-score?

What are stanines, which are often used for reporting student scores?

If a fourth-grade student, James, achieves a grade equivalent score of 6.0 on a reading test, what is the correct interpretation?

What is a crucial assumption of grade equivalent scores that often makes them problematic and subject to misinterpretation?

What is an example of social class bias in an item's content, as described in the text's discussion of the word 'field'?

Recent analyses of the verbal SAT tests indicated what difference in performance on easy versus hard items between white students and students from minority groups?

How did the recent addition of an essay component to the SAT affect the overall verbal scores of females relative to males?

What is stereotype threat in the context of standardized testing?

According to research, the performance of individuals from stereotyped groups declines when what two factors are emphasized about a test?

What is one documented effect of high-stakes testing on curriculum in elementary schools?

What is the concern about the amount of test preparation currently occurring in schools?

Which of the following is described in the text as an unethical test preparation practice by educators?

What is the primary use of a 'norm group' in standardized testing?

What is the primary focus of international comparison tests like TIMSS and PISA?

What is the term for a standard score that has been converted to a scale with a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10?