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Questions

Question 1

How many kinds of terrain are distinguished at the beginning of Chapter 11?

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Question 2

What type of ground is described as being traversable by both sides?

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Question 3

On 'entangling ground', under what condition is it advised to 'sally forth and defeat' the enemy?

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Question 4

What is the recommended action when facing an enemy on 'temporizing ground' who offers an attractive bait?

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Question 5

If an enemy has already occupied 'precipitous heights' before you, what is the advised course of action?

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Question 6

What is identified as one of the six calamities of an army, resulting from the common soldiers being too strong and their officers too weak?

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Question 7

According to the text, which calamity occurs when a general, unable to estimate the enemy's strength, allows an inferior force to engage a larger one?

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Question 8

What is the calamity that results when higher officers are angry and insubordinate, and give battle on their own account?

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Question 9

What is the described outcome when officers are too strong and common soldiers are too weak?

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Question 10

The text states that a general who 'advances without coveting fame and retreats without fearing disgrace' is considered what?

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Question 11

What does the text advise a general to do to ensure his soldiers will follow him into the deepest valleys and stand by him even unto death?

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Question 12

Under what circumstance does the text warn that soldiers must be likened to 'spoilt children' and are 'useless for any practical purpose'?

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Question 13

According to the text, a general is only 'halfway towards victory' if he knows his own men can attack and that the enemy is open to attack, but is unaware of what?

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Question 14

To make victory 'complete', what two additional factors must a general know, besides knowing the enemy and knowing himself?

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Question 15

What is the primary characteristic of 'disorganization' as one of the six calamities?

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Question 16

In the anecdote of P'ei Hsing-chien, why did he order his army to move camp from a fortified position to a nearby hill?

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Question 17

In the anecdote about P'ei Hsing-chien and the flood, what was the depth of the water that flooded the army's former encampment?

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Question 18

According to the text, what is defined as 'the soldier's best ally'?

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Question 19

What does the text describe as 'the test of a great general'?

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Question 20

In the anecdote concerning the general Wu Ch'i, what action did he take that caused a soldier's mother to wail and lament?

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Question 21

If a pass is already occupied by the enemy, under what specific condition is it permissible to attack?

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Question 22

What is the primary reason given for why fighting is to your disadvantage if you are situated at a great distance from an enemy of equal strength?

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Question 23

The calamity of 'flight' is described as the result of what specific action?

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Question 24

In the anecdote about Lu Meng in 219 A.D., why did he order the summary execution of a fellow-townsman?

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Question 25

What is the recommended tactic on 'accessible ground'?

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Question 26

Which of the six calamities is caused by a general's weakness, unclear orders, and no fixed duties for officers and men?

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Question 27

What is the key feature of 'temporizing ground'?

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Question 28

The text advises a general to fight if victory is sure, even if the ruler forbids it. What is the corresponding advice if fighting will NOT result in victory?

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Question 29

What year is cited for the anecdote about T'ien Pu and his insubordinate soldiers who rode donkeys around the camp?

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Question 30

If a general knows the enemy is open to attack, but is unaware that his own men are not in a condition to attack, what is the result?

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Question 31

What must an experienced soldier do to ensure that once he is in motion he is never bewildered, and once he has broken camp he is never at a loss?

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Question 32

Which historical figure's seizure of the heights of Wu-lao is cited as a turning point in his campaign in 621 A.D.?

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Question 33

Which of these is NOT listed as one of the six calamities arising from a general's faults?

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Question 34

What action is specifically blamed for the calamity of 'rout', besides allowing an inferior force to engage a larger one?

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Question 35

Which of the six terrain types is described as ground that 'can be abandoned but is hard to re-occupy'?

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Question 36

The general who has attained a responsible post must be careful to study the six calamities because they arise from what?

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Question 37

What is the consequence if a general knows his men are ready to attack, but is unaware that the enemy is not open to attack?

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Question 38

According to the commentary by Wang Hsi, what does the calamity 'ruin' imply about the general?

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Question 39

What is the main reason a general should treat his soldiers with indulgence, but also be able to enforce commands and quell disorder?

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Question 40

Which are the three principles that, when known and practiced in fighting, will lead to winning battles?

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Question 41

What is the recommended approach to an army situated on 'entangling ground' if the enemy is prepared and you fail to defeat them on your first sally?

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Question 42

What does Tu Mu's commentary say is the reason to retreat on 'temporizing ground'?

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Question 43

The six calamities of an army are attributed to faults for which who is responsible?

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Question 44

What is the recommended action regarding 'narrow passes' if you can occupy them first?

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Question 45

In the commentary for section 17 on 'Ruin', Wang Hsi's note suggests the calamity is caused by a general who is angry without cause and what other failing?

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Question 46

How is an army described if a general is indulgent and kind-hearted but unable to enforce commands or quell disorder?

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Question 47

What is the crucial difference between the calamities of 'collapse' and 'insubordination'?

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Question 48

According to the final saying in the chapter, knowing which two things allows a general to make his victory 'complete'?

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Question 49

What is the key danger associated with being situated at a 'great distance from the enemy' when the two armies are of equal strength?

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Question 50

The anecdote of Wu Ch'i sucking a soldier's abscess illustrates the principle that if you look upon your soldiers as your own beloved sons, they will do what?

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