ABDOMEN

Based on the cross-section of the rectus sheath, what is the composition of its posterior wall below the arcuate line?

Which nerve provides the anterior scrotal branch for cutaneous innervation?

Which of the following structures forms the lateral boundary of the inguinal triangle (Hesselbach's triangle)?

The psoas major muscle, a key muscle of the posterior abdominal wall, receives its motor innervation from which source?

In the diagram illustrating portacaval anastomoses, which number corresponds to the rectal site of anastomosis?

Which of the following arteries is NOT a direct branch of the celiac trunk?

What is the innermost of the three layers of the muscularis externa of the stomach wall?

What are the three distinct longitudinal bands of smooth muscle found on the outer surface of the colon called?

The round ligament of the liver (ligamentum teres hepatis) is the postnatal fibrous remnant of which fetal vessel?

The main pancreatic duct, which carries pancreatic juice to the duodenum, is also known by what eponym?

The transpyloric plane, an important surface landmark, typically passes through which vertebral level?

In a superficial dissection of the anterior abdominal wall, what is the name of the membranous layer of the superficial fascia?

What is the common eponym for the inguinal ligament, which forms the base of the inguinal canal?

The superior epigastric artery, a terminal branch of the internal thoracic artery, and the inferior epigastric artery, from the external iliac artery, anastomose within which structure?

Which superficial vein of the anterior abdominal wall ascends from the femoral region towards the umbilicus, running alongside its corresponding artery?

The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve, which provides sensation to the skin on the anterolateral thigh, is typically formed from the anterior rami of which two spinal nerves?

The greater omentum, a large, apron-like fold of visceral peritoneum, hangs down from which two structures?

Which of the four parts of the duodenum is also referred to as the horizontal part?

What is the eponym for the permanent circular folds of mucosa and submucosa found predominantly in the duodenum and jejunum?

McBurney's point, a surface landmark for the approximate location of the base of the appendix, is typically located on the line connecting the umbilicus to which bony prominence?

The portal triad, found within the hepatoduodenal ligament and distributed throughout the liver, consists of a branch of the hepatic artery, a branch of the hepatic portal vein, and which other structure?

The cystic artery, which is the primary arterial supply to the gallbladder, most commonly arises from which larger artery?

Which of the following arteries is a major branch arising from the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) to supply the large intestine?

Which artery is typically the highest (most superior) branch of the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA)?

What is the primary source of parasympathetic innervation to the stomach and duodenum?

Above the arcuate line, the posterior layer of the rectus sheath is formed by the aponeuroses of which two muscles?

The deep inguinal ring, the entrance to the inguinal canal, is an opening in which layer of the abdominal wall?

Which paired arteries arise directly from the posterior surface of the abdominal aorta and pass laterally to supply the posterior abdominal wall?

The cisterna chyli, the dilated sac at the lower end of the thoracic duct, is typically located on the anterior aspect of which vertebral bodies?

The lesser omentum, which connects the stomach and duodenum to the liver, is composed of which two peritoneal ligaments?

The omental foramen, which is the opening connecting the greater sac of the peritoneal cavity with the omental bursa (lesser sac), is also known by what eponym?

What are the large aggregations of lymphoid tissue found characteristically in the submucosa of the ileum?

The union of the common hepatic duct and the cystic duct forms which major structure of the biliary tree?

The visceral surface of the spleen typically bears impressions from all the following adjacent organs EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

The clinically important portacaval anastomosis in the lower esophagus occurs between tributaries of the left gastric vein and which systemic veins?

The greater, lesser, and least thoracic splanchnic nerves, which descend into the abdomen, primarily carry what type of nerve fibers?

Which of the two main enteric nervous system plexuses is located between the inner circular and outer longitudinal layers of the muscularis externa in the intestinal wall?

Referred pain from the liver and gallbladder is often perceived in the right shoulder and scapular region. This is due to irritation of the diaphragm, which shares innervation with the shoulder region via which nerve?

Visceral pain from the pancreas is transmitted by sympathetic fibers that travel to which spinal cord segments?

How many lumbar vertebrae contribute to the posterior bony framework of the abdomen?

When the abdomen is divided into nine regions by two vertical and two horizontal planes, which region contains the umbilicus?

The superficial fascia of the lower abdomen consists of two layers. The layer known as Camper's fascia is primarily composed of what type of tissue?

What is the common clinical term for the inguinal falx?

The medial umbilical ligament, found on the internal surface of the anterior abdominal wall, is the remnant of which obliterated fetal structure?

The iliohypogastric nerve, which supplies muscles and skin of the lower abdominal wall, primarily originates from which spinal nerve root?

A surgical probe passed through the omental foramen (of Winslow) enters which peritoneal space?

The major duodenal papilla (of Vater) marks the opening into the second part of the duodenum for which conjoined structures?

Which fold associated with the ileocecal region is also known as the 'bloodless fold of Treves'?

In the classic histological model of a liver lobule, what structure is located at the very center?

Parasympathetic innervation to the hindgut, including the descending colon and sigmoid colon, is provided by which nerves?