Option Value Components5 min
An option's total price, or premium, is composed of intrinsic value and time value. Intrinsic value is the tangible value if exercised immediately, defined as Max(0, S - X) for calls and Max(0, X - S) for puts. Time value represents the premium investors are willing to pay for the potential of the option increasing in value before expiration. It is calculated as the difference between the option premium and the intrinsic value.

Key Points

  • Option Premium = Intrinsic Value + Time Value
  • Intrinsic Value Call = Max(0, Spot - Strike)
  • Intrinsic Value Put = Max(0, Strike - Spot)
  • Intrinsic value is never negative.
  • Time value can be negative for deep ITM European puts.
Moneyness5 min
Moneyness describes the relationship between the underlying asset's spot price and the option's strike price. It categorizes options as In-the-money (ITM), At-the-money (ATM), or Out-of-the-money (OTM). This classification determines whether the option has intrinsic value (ITM) or zero intrinsic value (ATM/OTM).

Key Points

  • Call ITM: Spot > Strike
  • Call OTM: Spot < Strike
  • Put ITM: Strike > Spot
  • Put OTM: Strike < Spot
  • ATM: Spot = Strike
Factors Affecting Option Value5 min
Various market factors influence option pricing. The directional impact varies between calls and puts. For instance, higher volatility increases the value of both options due to higher potential upside. However, interest rates and dividends have opposing effects on calls and puts due to the cost of carry and adjustments to the underlying asset price.

Key Points

  • Spot Price increase: Call Up, Put Down
  • Strike Price increase: Call Down, Put Up
  • Volatility increase: Call Up, Put Up
  • Risk-Free Rate increase: Call Up, Put Down
  • Dividend increase: Call Down, Put Up

Questions

Question 1

Which component represents the value of an option if it were exercised immediately?

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Question 2

For a Call option, how is the intrinsic value calculated?

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Question 3

Calculate the intrinsic value of a Call option where the Spot price is 150 and the Strike price is 130.

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Question 4

If a Put option has a Strike Price of 50 and the underlying Spot Price is 55, what is its intrinsic value?

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Question 5

What is the relationship between Option Premium, Intrinsic Value, and Time Value?

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Question 6

A Call option has a Premium of 12, a Strike of 100, and a Spot price of 108. What is the Time Value?

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Question 7

When is a Call option considered 'In-the-money'?

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Question 8

When is a Put option considered 'Out-of-the-money'?

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Question 9

What happens to the price of a Call option if the volatility of the underlying asset increases?

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Question 10

How does an increase in the Risk-Free Rate (RFR) affect the value of a Put option?

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Question 11

What is the impact of an increase in the Strike Price on a Call option's value?

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Question 12

Consider a Put option with Strike = 200 and Spot = 180. The premium is 25. What is the Intrinsic Value?

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Question 13

If a Call option is At-the-money (ATM), what is its intrinsic value?

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Question 14

Which factor generally increases the value of both Call and Put options?

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Question 15

What is the effect of dividend payments on a Call option?

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Question 16

For a European Put option, under what condition can the Time Value be negative?

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Question 17

Calculate the Intrinsic Value for a Call if Spot = 50 and Strike = 60.

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Question 18

If Spot = 100, Strike = 90, and Call Premium = 15, is the option ITM, ATM, or OTM?

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Question 19

Which of the following describes the 'Time Value' of an option?

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Question 20

If a Call option has a premium of 5 and an intrinsic value of 0, what can be inferred?

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Question 21

How does Time to Maturity generally affect the value of a Call option?

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Question 22

A Put option has a Strike of 80 and a Premium of 2. The Spot price is 82. What is the Intrinsic Value?

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Question 23

If a Put option is ITM, which relationship holds true?

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Question 24

What is the Time Value of an option that is expiring today?

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Question 25

Which factor has an inverse (negative) relationship with the value of a Put option?

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Question 26

If the Spot Price is 100 and the Strike Price is 100, the option is classified as:

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Question 27

Calculate the Time Value if: Spot = 40, Strike = 35, Call Premium = 7.

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Question 28

What is the Intrinsic Value of a Put option with Spot = 200 and Strike = 150?

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Question 29

Which of the following increases the value of a Put option?

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Question 30

If a Call option is deeply Out-of-the-money, its Delta (sensitivity to price changes) is low. What is its Intrinsic Value?

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Question 31

The price of the option is also referred to as the:

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Question 32

Calculate the Intrinsic Value: Put Option, Spot = 90, Strike = 100.

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Question 33

What happens to the value of a Call option if the company declares a higher-than-expected dividend?

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Question 34

For a Call option, Intrinsic Value is typically:

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Question 35

Which option has an Intrinsic Value of zero?

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Question 36

If Spot = 60, Strike = 50, Call Premium = 12. What portion is Time Value?

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Question 37

Why might a deep ITM European Put have negative time value?

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Question 38

Identify the incorrect statement regarding option factors.

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Question 39

Which pair of factors has a positive correlation with Call Option value?

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Question 40

If a Call option is ITM (Spot 100, Strike 90), its Intrinsic Value is:

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Question 41

What is the lower bound for the price of an option (assuming non-negative premiums)?

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Question 42

A Put option is ATM. If the Spot price decreases, the option becomes:

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Question 43

How does an increase in dividends affect a Put option?

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Question 44

In the context of options, 'Exercise Value' is synonymous with:

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Question 45

If Spot = 100, Strike = 110, Call Premium = 5. What is the Intrinsic Value?

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Question 46

If Spot = 100, Strike = 110, Put Premium = 15. What is the Intrinsic Value?

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Question 47

Generally, for European options, increasing the time to maturity:

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Question 48

Which option is 'Out-of-the-money' if Spot = 50 and Strike = 45?

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Question 49

What happens to a Call option's value if the Risk-Free Rate decreases?

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Question 50

If a Put option has Intrinsic Value = 0 and Premium = 0, what is likely true?

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