What is a pro forma session of the Senate, as described in the 'Finding a Middle Ground' box?
Explanation
This question defines the term 'pro forma session,' a modern procedural tactic used by the Senate to check the president's power of recess appointment.
Other questions
According to the U.S. Constitution, as outlined in Chapter 12, what is the minimum age requirement to be eligible for the office of president?
Which amendment to the Constitution limited the presidency to two four-year terms?
What is the term for the act of charging a government official with serious wrongdoing, which the Constitution calls 'high crimes and misdemeanors'?
According to the text, which president was the first to use the veto as a measure of policy to block legislative initiatives he disagreed with, rather than just as a legal tool?
What is the concept of 'executive privilege'?
The Budget and Accounting Act of 1921 gave the president what significant advantage in the budget process?
What is the name for the informal group of advisors, consisting of the most senior appointed officers of the executive branch, that George Washington established?
In the modern presidential election process, which two states' early contests are mentioned in Chapter 12 as being the first to occur and tending to shrink the field of candidates?
According to the 'two presidencies thesis' by Aaron Wildavsky, in which area are presidents typically more successful?
What term describes a president's delivery of a major television address in the hope that public pressure will influence legislators?
Which First Lady is credited in Chapter 12 with opening the door for future first ladies to take on more active, public roles, particularly through her championing of civil rights?
What is a line-item veto?
The Emancipation Proclamation, issued by Abraham Lincoln, is provided in the text as a key example of what type of presidential action?
According to political scientist Richard Neustadt, as cited in Chapter 12, what is the 'power of the presidency'?
The phenomenon of a president's popularity spiking during an international crisis is known as what?
How many executive departments currently make up the president's cabinet?
What is the term for a short, informal meeting of party members, used in some states like Iowa, to select nominees?
Which presidential candidate is mentioned in Chapter 12 as being the first to fully embrace social media in their campaign?
What is the primary role of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB)?
How many electoral votes are currently required to win the presidency?
In the original design of the Electoral College, before the Twelfth Amendment, how was the vice president selected?
Which president's extensive use of radio for 'fireside chats' is highlighted as a key moment in the development of the public presidency?
What is the 'honeymoon period' for a new president?
What is a key reason provided in the text for why the vice presidency is a more powerful office today than it was in the nineteenth century?
What are 'executive agreements'?
The War Powers Resolution of 1973 was an attempt by Congress to reassert its authority in war-making, but the text suggests its main effect was to do what?
What does the text identify as a major reason for the growth of presidential power over the course of the twentieth century?
How many presidents have been both impeached by the House and removed by the Senate?
Which presidential action, taken by Gerald Ford, is described as unique in U.S. history?
According to the text, what is the 'inner cabinet'?
How many electoral votes did George W. Bush win the presidency by in the 2000 election?
President Harry Truman's desegregation of the armed forces is given as an example of what type of presidential action?
What was President Bill Clinton's 'E.G.G. strategy' for senior-level appointments?
The term 'bully pulpit' was coined by which president to describe the presidency as a platform to push an agenda to the public?
In the case of a tie in the Electoral College, which body is responsible for electing the president?
What was the 'king caucus'?
President George H. W. Bush's approval ratings received a significant spike, from 58 to 89 percent, following what event?
Presidential power to make 'recess appointments' is derived from which circumstance?
In two states, Nebraska and Maine, how are electoral votes divided?
What is the primary characteristic of 'soft power' in foreign policy?
What was the Supreme Court's ruling in the 1974 case United States v. Nixon?
The 'first hundred days' is a concept used to measure presidential effectiveness, and it was popularized during which president's first term?
President George W. Bush's approval rating jumped from 51 percent to what percent in the days following the 9/11 attacks?
What term does the text use to describe a president's use of a rule or order to bypass Congress that still has the force of law?
How many total electors are there in the Electoral College for the 2016 and 2020 presidential elections?
Who presides over the Senate, according to the Constitution, and can vote only in case of a tie?
What is the term for the set of permanent federal agencies that perform the day-to-day work of government?
What does political scientist Stephen Skowronek's concept of 'political time' refer to?
Which of these is NOT a formal power explicitly granted to the president in the Constitution?