CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO DYNAMICS

What are the two distinct parts of dynamics?

Who is credited with the beginning of a rational understanding of dynamics through careful observations concerning bodies in free fall, motion on an inclined plane, and motion of the pendulum?

What is the basic frame of reference for the laws of Newtonian mechanics, which is an imaginary set of rectangular axes assumed to have no translation or rotation in space?

What is the definition of a 'particle' in the context of dynamics?

Which of Newton's laws of motion states that the acceleration of a particle is proportional to the resultant force acting on it and is in the direction of this force?

In the SI system of units, what are the base units for mass, length, and time?

Why is the SI system of units termed an 'absolute system'?

What is the derived unit of mass in the U.S. customary system, defined as the amount of mass that accelerates at one foot per second squared when acted on by a force of one pound?

A body has a mass of 5 slugs. What is its weight in pounds on the surface of the earth, using a standard gravity value of 32.2 ft/sec^2?

According to Newton's law of gravitation, the mutual force of attraction F between two particles is proportional to what?

A body has a mass of 1 kg. At an altitude of 1000 km, its weight is 7.340 N. What is its weight at an altitude equal to the mean radius of the earth (6371 km)?

What is the internationally adopted standard value for the gravitational acceleration (g) relative to the rotating earth at sea level and at a latitude of 45 degrees, in SI units?

The 'apparent weight' of a body as measured by a spring balance on the surface of the earth is slightly less than its true weight (gravitational force). What is the reason for this difference?

What does the principle of dimensional homogeneity state?

In the symbolic notation for dimensions, what are the dimensions of force (F) in terms of mass (M), length (L), and time (T)?

What is one of the greatest difficulties encountered by students in solving dynamics problems, according to the text?

According to the 'Method of Attack' for solving problems, what is the first sub-step under '2. Develop the solution'?

What is a key advantage of a symbolic solution over a numerical solution in dynamics?

A module weighs 100 lb on the surface of the earth. Using the value g = 32.2 ft/sec^2, calculate its mass in slugs.

A module with a mass of 3.11 slugs is taken to an altitude where the absolute acceleration of gravity is 29.2 ft/sec^2. What is its weight at this altitude?

A payload module is inside a space shuttle orbiting the earth at an altitude of 200 miles. What is the weight of the module under these conditions?

What is the primary reason that the acceleration of a freely falling body as measured from the surface of the earth (relative g) is slightly less than the absolute value of g calculated for a non-rotating earth?

In the context of problem solving, what is a free-body diagram?

If Newton's first law states a particle remains at rest or in uniform motion if there is no unbalanced force, how is this law related to his second law (F = ma)?

What is the mass in kilograms of a car that weighs 14715 N on the earth's surface? Use g = 9.81 m/s^2.

What is the mass in slugs of a car that has a mass of 1500 kg? Use the conversion factor 1 slug = 14.594 kg.

What is defined as the quantitative measure of the inertia or resistance to change in motion of a body?

Newton's famous work, which stated the laws of motion and the law of universal gravitation, was published in the first edition of what book?

At what altitude h above the earth's surface is the weight of an object reduced to one-half of its earth-surface value? Assume a spherical earth of radius R.

An equation is found to be [MLT^-2][L] = [M][LT^-1]^2. According to the principle of dimensional homogeneity, is this equation dimensionally correct?

A force of 1 pound is applied to a mass of 1 slug. What is the resulting acceleration?

A force of 1 newton is applied to a mass of 1 kg. What is the resulting acceleration?

The textbook notes that in U.S. customary units, the pound is unfortunately used as a unit for both force (lbf) and mass (lbm). To avoid confusion, what unit does the textbook almost exclusively use for mass?

What is time considered to be in Newtonian mechanics?

Which of the following modern technologies is listed as an application of dynamics?

An object in a space shuttle's circular orbit is often described as being in 'zero-g'. According to the text, is this term correct in the absolute sense?

According to the 1980 International Gravity Formula, the value of g varies with latitude. Where is the relative value of g at sea level the lowest?

What is the key distinction between a 'dimension' and a 'unit'?

Which of Newton's laws constitutes the principle of action and reaction, stating that forces between interacting bodies are equal, opposite, and collinear?

A car has a mass of 1500 kg. What is its weight in pounds? Use g = 9.81 m/s^2 and the conversion 1 lb = 4.448 N.

What is the primary purpose of the study of engineering mechanics, as stated in the 'Philosophy' section of the Preface?

If a body is treated as a particle, what aspect of the body is considered irrelevant to the description of its motion?

In the International Gravity Formula g = 9.780327(1 + 0.005279sin^2(lat) + ...), what does the formula account for in addition to the earth being an ellipsoidal model?

What is one of the main advantages of a symbolic solution that helps to focus attention on the connection between the physical situation and its mathematical description?

If a particle of mass m is subjected to a resultant force F, what is the resulting acceleration a, according to Equation 1/1?

How does the text suggest you should denote handwritten vectors to distinguish them from scalars?

What is the weight in newtons of a 90-kg man at a latitude of 40 degrees, using the standard sea-level gravity value of 9.80665 m/s^2?

A space shuttle is in a circular orbit at an altitude of 150 mi. A passenger weighs 200 lb on the earth's surface (at 45 deg latitude, g = 32.174 ft/sec^2). What is the passenger's approximate weight at this altitude? The radius of the earth is approx. 3959 mi.

In Chapter 1, what does the chapter review checklist ask the student to be able to do regarding Newton's laws?

What physical relationship must be dimensionally homogeneous for it to be a correct physical relation?