Introduction to Big Data Techniques

50 questions available

FinTech and Big Data Overview5 min
FinTech refers to technological innovations in the design and delivery of financial services, impacting areas from automated trading to record keeping. A core component is Big Data, characterized by Volume, Velocity, and Variety. Data comes from traditional sources like financial markets and governments, as well as non-traditional sources like social media and sensor networks.

Key Points

  • FinTech: Innovation in financial service design and delivery.
  • 3 Vs of Big Data: Volume, Velocity, Variety.
  • Traditional Sources: Financial markets, Businesses, Governments.
  • Non-Traditional Sources: Social media, Sensor networks, Company exhaust.
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning10 min
AI enables computers to perform tasks surpassing human capabilities in specific domains. Machine Learning (ML) algorithms learn from data. Supervised learning uses labeled data to predict outcomes, while unsupervised learning finds patterns in unlabeled data. Deep learning utilizes neural networks. Models must avoid overfitting (modeling noise) and underfitting (ignoring parameters).

Key Points

  • Neural Networks: Mimic brain processing; used in fraud detection.
  • Supervised Learning: Uses labeled training data; identifies signals.
  • Unsupervised Learning: No labels; describes data structure.
  • Overfitting: Model is too complex, treats noise as signal.
  • Underfitting: Model is too simple, misses signal.
Data Science, Visualization, and Trading5 min
Data Science manages the lifecycle of Big Data. Visualization tools like Tag Clouds and Mind Maps help interpret complex data. Text Analytics and NLP allow analysis of unstructured text. Algorithmic Trading automates execution based on set rules, improving speed and cost efficiency.

Key Points

  • Tag Cloud: Visualizes word frequency.
  • Mind Map: Visualizes conceptual relationships.
  • NLP: Interprets human language (e.g., reports).
  • Algorithmic Trading: Speed, anonymity, lower costs.

Questions

Question 1

What does the term 'FinTech' primarily refer to?

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Question 2

Which of the following is NOT listed as a primary area of FinTech development in the text?

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Question 3

Which of the following represents the 'Three Vs' that characterize Big Data?

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Question 4

Which of the following is considered a 'Traditional' source of Big Data?

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Question 5

Which of the following is considered a 'Non-traditional' source of Big Data?

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Question 6

What does 'Velocity' refer to in the context of Big Data?

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Question 7

A dataset consisting of stock prices from the NYSE would be classified as deriving from which source?

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Question 8

Data gathered from 'Sensor networks' falls under which category?

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Question 9

Which challenge of Big Data refers to the potential for the data to not represent the population accurately?

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Question 10

What does 'Variety' in Big Data imply?

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Question 11

Which of the following is a challenge associated with 'Outliers' in Big Data?

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Question 12

Neural networks are a technology primarily associated with which field?

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Question 13

What is a common application of Neural Networks in finance mentioned in the text?

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Question 14

Machine Learning algorithms are characterized by their ability to:

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Question 15

In the context of Machine Learning, what is a 'Training dataset' used for?

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Question 16

What describes 'Overfitting' in a machine learning model?

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Question 17

Which of the following is a characteristic of an 'Underfitting' model?

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Question 18

What is meant by the 'Black box' approach in AI algorithms?

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Question 19

Which type of machine learning uses 'labeled' data?

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Question 20

In unsupervised learning, the algorithm primarily seeks to:

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Question 21

Deep Learning is best described as using:

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Question 22

What is the primary definition of Data Science according to the text?

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Question 23

Which of the following is NOT a method of Data Processing mentioned?

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Question 24

What is the purpose of Data Visualization?

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Question 25

In a 'Tag Cloud', how are words displayed?

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Question 26

How does a 'Mind Map' differ from a Tag Cloud?

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Question 27

What does 'Text Analytics' primarily involve?

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Question 28

What is 'Natural Language Processing' (NLP) used for?

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Question 29

Which of the following is a benefit of 'Algorithmic Trading'?

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Question 30

Algorithmic trading automatically places trades when:

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Question 31

In the context of FinTech, what is 'Robo-advice'?

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Question 32

Which attribute of Big Data challenges the ability to 'Learn and Organize' the data?

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Question 33

Company exhaust is best described as:

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Question 34

If an ML model learns relationships based on labelled training data, it is performing:

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Question 35

Which technique would be most appropriate for identifying distinct customer segments without prior knowledge of the segments?

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Question 36

What distinguishes 'Deep Learning' from simple machine learning?

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Question 37

Which of the following creates a risk of a 'False Negative' in hypothesis testing concepts applied to ML?

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Question 38

Why might a 'Black Box' AI model be problematic in finance?

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Question 39

Which of the following is a 'Traditional' source of data?

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Question 40

What is the role of a 'Validation dataset' in Machine Learning?

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Question 41

An algorithm that identifies the best signal to forecast future returns based on historical examples is using:

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Question 42

Which characteristic of Big Data requires advanced storage and processing capabilities?

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Question 43

Algorithmic trading provides 'Anonymity', which implies:

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Question 44

Which of the following best describes 'Selection Bias' in the context of Big Data challenges?

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Question 45

If a dataset contains unstructured text, video, and numbers, it demonstrates high:

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Question 46

The use of computers to monitor analyst commentary and interpret sentiment involves:

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Question 47

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of Algorithmic Trading listed in the text?

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Question 48

A 'Sensor Network' monitoring foot traffic in a retail store to predict sales is an example of:

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Question 49

When a machine learning model is 'Overtrained', it is synonymous with:

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Question 50

Which field integrates Machine Learning, Statistics, and other disciplines to curate and transfer Big Data?

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