What is the result if no riskless arbitrage opportunities exist?

Correct answer: Prices are considered efficient or fair.

Explanation

Arbitrage forces prices to their fair value; the absence of arbitrage implies the Law of One Price holds.

Other questions

Question 1

What is the primary definition of arbitrage as provided in the reading?

Question 2

According to the Law of One Price, what must be true about two portfolios with identical future cash flows?

Question 3

Which equation is used to illustrate the Law of One Price in the context of put-call parity?

Question 4

In the equation S + P = B + C, what does the 'B + C' portfolio represent?

Question 5

When does an arbitrage opportunity exist regarding the risk-free rate (RFR)?

Question 6

What is the correct strategy if a portfolio's riskless return is less than the risk-free rate (RFR)?

Question 7

What is the definition of 'Replication' in the context of derivatives?

Question 8

What is the primary objective of using replication?

Question 9

Which components are used to achieve replication?

Question 10

Which of the following is categorized as a cost of owning an asset?

Question 11

The opportunity cost of funds invested in an asset is considered a:

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of a monetary benefit of owning an asset?

Question 13

What is the non-monetary benefit of holding an asset referred to as?

Question 14

Convenience yield is best described as:

Question 15

According to the provided notes, the Net Cost of Carry (NCC) is calculated as:

Question 16

If the Future Value of Ownership Benefits (B) is less than the Future Value of Ownership Costs (C), the Net Cost of Carry is:

Question 17

If the Future Value of Ownership Benefits (B) equals the Future Value of Ownership Costs (C), the Net Cost of Carry is:

Question 18

Under what condition is the Net Cost of Carry positive?

Question 19

Which of the following is considered an insurance cost in the context of owning an underlying asset?

Question 20

Interest payments on a bond are classified as what type of benefit?

Question 21

Which portfolio is equivalent to a 'Protective Put'?

Question 22

Which portfolio is equivalent to a 'Fiduciary Call'?

Question 23

If the price of a Protective Put (S+P) is 105 and the price of a Fiduciary Call (B+C) is 100, what should an arbitrageur do?

Question 24

Scenario: Ownership Benefits = 50, Ownership Costs = 40. According to the notes, what is the sign of the Net Cost of Carry?

Question 25

Scenario: Ownership Benefits = 20, Ownership Costs = 30. What is the sign of the Net Cost of Carry?

Question 26

Which strategy involves borrowing at the Risk-Free Rate (RFR)?

Question 27

What does 'S' stand for in the arbitrage equation S + P = B + C?

Question 29

Replication mirrors the derivative position when:

Question 30

Which of the following best describes the 'method' of replication?

Question 31

If a derivative is mispriced, what does replication allow an investor to do?

Question 32

Why is convenience yield classified as non-monetary?

Question 33

Dividend payments are to Stocks as ________ are to Bonds.

Question 34

Which factor is NOT listed as a cost of owning an asset?

Question 35

If Net Cost of Carry is Zero, what implies B = C?

Question 36

What does the 'Sip Pepsi' mnemonic likely refer to in the arbitrage diagram?

Question 37

What does the 'Be Cool' mnemonic refer to in the arbitrage diagram?

Question 38

If Stock = 100, Put = 10, Bond = 90, Call = 15. Does arbitrage exist?

Question 39

How does replication assist in pricing derivatives?

Question 40

If B < C, the notes state the Net Cost of Carry is:

Question 41

Riskless profit is synonymous with which term in this chapter?

Question 42

In the context of 'Costs and Benefits', what does FV stand for?

Question 43

If a stock pays no dividends and has no storage costs, and interest rates are positive, the cost of carry is driven by:

Question 44

Which of the following would reduce the Net Cost of Carry (making it more negative) according to the notes' formula B - C?

Question 45

S + P = 50. B + C = 48. What is the riskless profit per unit?

Question 46

What does the 'Protective Put' strategy protect against?

Question 47

If a replicating portfolio costs USD 100, what must the derivative price be to avoid arbitrage?

Question 48

Why do arbitrage opportunities rarely persist in efficient markets?

Question 49

A 'Fiduciary Call' consists of:

Question 50

The phrase 'Law of One Price' is most closely associated with which concept?