Question 18 of 50

Which part of the nervous system is involved in preparing the body to respond to threats by activating organs and glands in the endocrine system?

According to Paul Ekman's research, which of the following is considered one of the basic emotions that are expressed and experienced consistently across many different cultures?

What is the two-factor theory of emotion as proposed by Schachter and Singer?

In the experiment by Schachter and Singer (1962) where participants were injected with epinephrine, which group experienced more euphoria or anger?

What is the term for the physiological response to stress that involves interactions among the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland, and the adrenal glands?

According to Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome, what are the three distinct phases of physiological change that occur in response to long-term stress?

What is the behavioral reaction to stress, more common in women, that involves creating social networks for protection?

According to Tory Higgins's research, what type of emotions are people more likely to experience when their actual self-concept is discrepant with their ideal self-concept?

What is the most common approach people take to dealing with negative affect, which the text describes as often being ineffective in the long run?

What did the research by Muraven, Tice, and Baumeister (1998) on emotion regulation suggest about self-control?

What is the name for the individual-difference measure, related to optimism and self-efficacy, that describes a tendency to be less affected by life's stressors?

According to research by Levy and Myers, older adults with positive attitudes and higher self-efficacy lived, on average, how much longer than their more negative peers?

What did the study by Taylor and colleagues comparing Korean and American college students find regarding the use of social support as a coping strategy for stress?

The chapter discusses the idea that after a minimum level of wealth is reached, more money does not generally buy more happiness. What evidence is provided to support this?

What is the region in the limbic system primarily responsible for regulating our perceptions of, and reactions to, aggression and fear?

In the Schwarz and Clore (1983) study, how did asking participants about the weather affect their judgments of their overall well-being on rainy days?

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is described as a medical syndrome that includes which of the following symptoms?

What is the chance of developing a stress-related illness for a person with a score of more than 300 on the Holmes and Rahe Stress Scale?

What did the research by Pennebaker and Beall (1986) find about students who wrote about the most traumatic and stressful events of their lives?

Walter Mischel's research on self-regulation with children and a yummy snack (the 'marshmallow test') found that the ability to delay gratification was associated with what later in life?

What is the term for the tendency to be overly positive about the likelihood that negative things will occur to us and that we will be able to effectively cope with them?

In the study by Brickman, Coates, and Janoff-Bulman (1978), how did the happiness of lottery winners compare to a control group?

What percentage of our well-being scores is accounted for by our wealth, health, and life circumstances, according to an estimate cited in the chapter?

Which hormone, released in women during a stress response, promotes affiliation and triggers the tend-and-befriend response?

What is the term for changes in bodily sensations, such as increased blood pressure, heart rate, and perspiration, that accompany strong emotions?

In a meta-analysis cited in Section 3.2, in what percentage of samples was even a single basic emotion recognized at rates below chance?

How do self-enhancing emotions like pride and anger differ in their cultural appropriateness between Western and Eastern cultures?

The study by Strack, Martin, and Stepper (1988) where participants held a pen in their mouth found that muscle contractions associated with smiling led to what outcome?

What is the term for a psychological disorder that may be accompanied by symptoms like diarrhea, upset stomach, sweaty hands, and poor concentration?

What is the definition of stress provided by social psychologists in the chapter?

What did the experimental study by Sheldon Cohen and colleagues, where volunteers were exposed to a cold virus, reveal about the link between stress and susceptibility to disease?

The fight-or-flight response is triggered in men by the activation of which system?

According to Tory Higgins's research, a discrepancy between the actual self-concept and the ought self-concept is more likely to lead to which emotions?

What did Daniel Wegner's 'white bear' study, where participants were asked not to think about a white bear, demonstrate?

The process of setting goals and using our cognitive and affective capacities to reach those goals is known as what?

In the study by Taylor and colleagues, what reason was suggested for why students from Eastern cultures might be less likely to seek direct social support?

What do psychologists call the phenomenon where people overestimate their emotional reactions to future events, finding that the events are less influential than they expected?

What is the term for a general tendency to expect positive outcomes?

Which of the following is NOT listed as one of the basic emotions identified by Paul Ekman?

What term describes the feeling of regret that may occur after we make an important decision, such as buying a car?

Survivors of Hurricane Katrina had a rate of heart attacks that was how many times higher than the national average in the years following the disaster?

According to research by Williams and his colleagues (2001), people who scored high on measures of anger were how many times more likely to suffer from heart attacks compared to those who scored lower?

In the research focus on subliminal advertising, what was the necessary condition for the 'Lipton Ice' prime to make students more likely to say they would drink it?

What is the primary function of the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS)?

According to the chapter, what is a key reason that people from individualistic cultures may find it easier to seek direct social support compared to those from collectivistic cultures?

What did the follow-up study with Olympic medalists by Medvec, Madey, and Gilovich (1995) find when raters watched interviews with the athletes?

What is the definition of learned helplessness?

What is the definition of self-handicapping?

In the experiment by Berglas and Jones (1978) on self-handicapping, what choice did male participants tend to make after succeeding on an intelligence test?