How does Table 11.1 explain the effect of 'Vicarious Consequences' on the modeling process?
Explanation
Vicarious consequences are a key factor in observational learning. By observing the outcomes (positive or negative) that a model experiences, an observer learns about the appropriateness and likely results of a behavior, which in turn influences their motivation to imitate it.
Other questions
What is the term for the dynamic interplay among personal, environmental, and behavioral influences in social cognitive theory?
Within the triarchic reciprocal causality model, which category would 'beliefs, expectations, cognitive abilities, and motivation' fall under?
Which of the four elements of observational learning involves mentally representing a model's actions as verbal steps or visual images?
A student who tries a new behavior is unlikely to persist without some form of reinforcement. This concept is part of which element of observational learning?
When a student sees other students being reinforced for a particular behavior and then increases their own production of that behavior, what form of reinforcement has occurred?
What is the term for the effect where witnessing one student break a class rule without consequence may lead other students to break the same rule?
Which concept is defined as a future-oriented, context-specific assessment of competence to perform a specific task?
According to Bandura, which of the four sources of self-efficacy is generally considered the most powerful?
A student thinks, 'If that person can do this, so can I.' This thought process is an example of which source of self-efficacy?
What is defined as a teacher's belief that he or she can reach even difficult students to help them learn?
The Point/Counterpoint section discusses a potential problem with high teacher efficacy, where beginning teachers believe problems experienced by others will not happen to them. What is this tendency called?
According to the text, self-regulated learners are described as having the 'skill and the will to learn.' What three factors influence this skill and will?
What is the term for the will-power or self-discipline needed to protect opportunities to reach goals, which is a key component of self-regulated learning?
What is the term for the transitional phase where students gradually internalize self-regulated learning skills through modeling and coaching from teachers, parents, or peers?
In the Winne and Hadwin model of self-regulated learning, which of the four stages involves asking questions like 'Is the cognitive load too great?' and monitoring how well the plan is working?
In Zimmerman's three-phase model of self-regulated learning, which phase includes setting clear goals and analyzing the task?
What is the name of Donald Meichenbaum's method for teaching students to regulate their own behavior by using self-talk?
According to Meichenbaum's cognitive behavior modification, how many steps are involved in teaching a student self-instruction?
Which of the five core social and emotional competencies listed by CASEL involves regulating your emotions to handle stress and control impulses?
What type of tasks, from a design point of view, address multiple goals, extend over long periods, and engage students in a variety of cognitive and metacognitive processes?
Table 11.3 contrasts four views of learning. In the Social Cognitive view, what is the primary role of the teacher?
According to Table 11.3, how does the Social Cognitive view describe the role of peers in the learning process?
What is the term for learning through reinforcement and punishment of one's own behaviors, which was part of Bandura's early social learning theory?
What is the ability to make intentional choices, design courses of action, and regulate their execution, which is considered the major difference between social cognitive theory and behaviorism?
Which of the following is NOT one of the five possible outcomes of observational learning described in the text?
Which factor affecting observational learning is described as the observer paying greater attention to competent, high-status models?
What does social cognitive theory identify as a dynamic system that explains human adaptation, learning, and motivation?
A teacher feels that her self-esteem would suffer if her self-efficacy for teaching a particular class dropped. This example illustrates that self-esteem is affected by what factor?
When research indicates that performance in school is improved when students adopt short-term goals, use specific learning strategies, and receive rewards based on achievement, what is the ultimate effect on the student?
Self-regulated learners need metacognitive knowledge about themselves, the subject, the task, and learning strategies. What does the text say 'expert' students know about the contexts in which they will apply their learning?
In the example of the student Tracy, who is struggling with a math exam, what is the first phase of Zimmerman's self-regulation cycle that she needs to engage in?
In the math problem-solving study by Lynn Fuchs, what was a key difference in the third group that received self-regulated learning strategy instruction?
Which statement accurately reflects the teacher's role in fostering student control to support self-regulation?
What is the primary way that collaboration supports self-regulated learning according to the text?
What does Albert Bandura's own educational experience, where he had to take charge of his own learning in a two-teacher high school, exemplify?
Which of the following describes the element of 'production' in observational learning?
A teacher inviting women with nontraditional jobs to speak to the class to challenge stereotyped career ideas is an example of which outcome of observational learning?
What is the key difference between self-efficacy and self-concept?
A teacher providing a 'pep talk' or specific performance feedback to a student is leveraging which source of self-efficacy?
What does research on self-efficacy and goal setting indicate about individuals with a high sense of efficacy?
What is the term for a framework where knowledge is constructed through online peer interactions using both synchronous and asynchronous technologies?
What is shared regulation in the context of self-regulated learning?
In the fourth stage of the Winne and Hadwin model, 'Regulate Learning,' what kind of activity is the learner engaged in?
Which of the five core competencies of social and emotional learning involves taking the perspective of and empathizing with others?
How does social cognitive theory view the source of motivation, according to Table 11.3?
According to the summary of learning theories, which one emphasizes that students must first understand and make sense of material?
What is the role of the student in the Social Cognitive Theory view of learning, as described in Table 11.3?
In Albert Bandura's self-directed life, how many years did it take him to finish his undergraduate degree at the University of British Columbia?
According to the final summary, social cognitive theory expands social learning theory to include what types of factors?